release(main): promote v0.1.0 candidate

build(release): stage local macOS v0.1.0 distribution
release(main): 同步 v0.1.0 updater 信任根 (#9 )
2026-07-17 11:34:26 +08:00 · 2026-07-17 11:31:11 +08:00 · 2026-07-17 10:58:22 +08:00 · 2026-07-17 10:52:20 +08:00 · 2026-07-17 10:11:59 +08:00 · 2026-07-17 10:10:48 +08:00
31 changed files with 1686 additions and 343 deletions
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ jobs:
  web:
    name: Shared client and Web
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL: ${{ vars.VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL }}
    defaults:
      run:
        working-directory: frontend
@@ -104,6 +106,8 @@ jobs:
  desktop:
    name: macOS Desktop
    runs-on: macos-latest
+    env:
+      VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL: ${{ vars.VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL }}
    defaults:
      run:
        working-directory: frontend
@@ -14,9 +14,40 @@ on:
 permissions:
  contents: read

+concurrency:
+  group: desktop-release-candidate-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: false
+
 jobs:
+  release-policy:
+    name: Resolve desktop release signing policy
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      platform_signing_mode: ${{ steps.policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode }}
+      macos_signing: ${{ steps.policy.outputs.macos_signing }}
+      windows_signing: ${{ steps.policy.outputs.windows_signing }}
+      artifact_label: ${{ steps.policy.outputs.artifact_label }}
+      warning_required: ${{ steps.policy.outputs.warning_required }}
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: frontend
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout release source
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: "22.13"
+
+      - name: Resolve version-scoped signing policy
+        id: policy
+        shell: bash
+        run: npm run desktop:release-policy:check -- --require-tag --github-output "${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
+
  macos-release-candidate:
-    name: Signed macOS release candidate
+    name: macOS release candidate
+    needs: release-policy
    runs-on: macos-latest
    defaults:
      run:
@@ -24,8 +55,13 @@ jobs:
    env:
      VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL: release
      VITE_BUILD_COMMIT: ${{ github.sha }}
+      VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL: ${{ vars.VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL }}
      RELEASE_BUILD: "true"
-      REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING: "true"
+      DESKTOP_RELEASE_PLATFORM: macos
+      DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE: ${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode }}
+      REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING: "true"
+      REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING: ${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'signed' && 'true' || 'false' }}
+      ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE: ${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'unsigned-exception' && 'true' || 'false' }}
      DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.artifact_base_url || vars.DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL }}
      TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY: ${{ secrets.TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY }}
      TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD }}
@@ -50,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
        shell: bash
        run: |
          if [[ "${GITHUB_REF_TYPE}" != "tag" ]]; then
-            echo "Signed desktop release candidates must run from a vX.Y.Z tag."
+            echo "Desktop release candidates must run from a vX.Y.Z tag."
            exit 1
          fi
          expected_tag="v$(node -p "require('./package.json').version")"
@@ -67,10 +103,13 @@ jobs:
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

+      - name: Audit dependencies
+        run: npm audit
+
      - name: Check release build metadata and signing environment
        run: npm run release:env:check

-      - name: Check signed desktop release readiness
+      - name: Check desktop release readiness
        run: npm run desktop:release-readiness:check

      - name: Check synchronized client version
@@ -94,41 +133,324 @@ jobs:
      - name: Build Web artifact
        run: npm run build

-      - name: Build signed Universal macOS artifacts
+      - name: Build Apple-signed and notarized Universal macOS artifacts
+        if: needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'signed'
        run: npm run desktop:build:macos-release -- --ci

-      - name: Create desktop update feed
+      - name: Build ad-hoc Universal macOS artifacts
+        if: needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'unsigned-exception'
+        run: npm run desktop:build:macos-unsigned-release -- --ci
+
+      - name: Verify and stage macOS artifacts
        shell: bash
        run: |
-          if [[ -z "${DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL}" ]]; then
-            echo "DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL or workflow input artifact_base_url is required."
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
+          app="$(find src-tauri/target -path '*/release/bundle/macos/*.app' -print -quit)"
          artifact="$(find src-tauri/target -path '*/release/bundle/macos/*.app.tar.gz' -print -quit)"
-          if [[ -z "${artifact}" ]]; then
-            echo "No macOS updater artifact was produced."
+          dmg="$(find src-tauri/target -path '*/release/bundle/dmg/*.dmg' -print -quit)"
+          if [[ -z "${app}" || -z "${artifact}" || -z "${dmg}" || ! -s "${artifact}.sig" ]]; then
+            echo "macOS app, updater artifact/signature, and DMG are all required."
            exit 1
          fi

-          include_args=()
-          dmg="$(find src-tauri/target -path '*/release/bundle/dmg/*.dmg' -print -quit)"
-          if [[ -n "${dmg}" ]]; then
-            include_args+=(--include "${dmg}")
+          codesign --verify --deep --strict --verbose=2 "${app}"
+          if [[ "${DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE}" == "signed" ]]; then
+            spctl --assess --type execute --verbose=2 "${app}"
+            xcrun stapler validate "${app}"
+            xcrun stapler validate "${dmg}"
+          else
+            signature_info="$(codesign -dv --verbose=4 "${app}" 2>&1)"
+            if ! grep -q "Signature=adhoc" <<<"${signature_info}"; then
+              echo "The macOS unsigned-platform exception must produce an ad-hoc signed app."
+              exit 1
+            fi
+          fi
+
+          stage="src-tauri/target/desktop-release-macos"
+          mkdir -p "${stage}"
+          if [[ "${DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE}" == "unsigned-exception" ]]; then
+            artifact_name="$(basename "${artifact}" .app.tar.gz)_UNSIGNED.app.tar.gz"
+            dmg_name="$(basename "${dmg}" .dmg)_UNSIGNED.dmg"
+            cp "${artifact}" "${stage}/${artifact_name}"
+            cp "${artifact}.sig" "${stage}/${artifact_name}.sig"
+            cp "${dmg}" "${stage}/${dmg_name}"
+            cp desktop-release-unsigned-warning.txt "${stage}/UNSIGNED-PLATFORM-RELEASE.txt"
+          else
+            cp "${artifact}" "${artifact}.sig" "${dmg}" "${stage}/"
+          fi
+
+      - name: Upload macOS candidate artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: ctms-desktop-macos-${{ github.ref_name }}-${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.artifact_label }}
+          path: frontend/src-tauri/target/desktop-release-macos/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+
+  windows-release-candidate:
+    name: Windows release candidate
+    needs: release-policy
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: frontend
+    env:
+      VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL: release
+      VITE_BUILD_COMMIT: ${{ github.sha }}
+      VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL: ${{ vars.VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL }}
+      RELEASE_BUILD: "true"
+      DESKTOP_RELEASE_PLATFORM: windows
+      DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE: ${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode }}
+      REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING: "true"
+      REQUIRE_WINDOWS_SIGNING: ${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'signed' && 'true' || 'false' }}
+      ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE: ${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'unsigned-exception' && 'true' || 'false' }}
+      DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.artifact_base_url || vars.DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL }}
+      TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY: ${{ secrets.TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+      TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD }}
+      WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE: ${{ secrets.WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE }}
+      WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD }}
+      WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL: ${{ vars.WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout release source
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: "22.13"
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: frontend/package-lock.json
+
+      - name: Enforce release tag context
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          if ($env:GITHUB_REF_TYPE -ne "tag") {
+            throw "Desktop release candidates must run from a vX.Y.Z tag."
+          }
+          $expectedTag = "v$(node -p "require('./package.json').version")"
+          if ($env:GITHUB_REF_NAME -ne $expectedTag) {
+            throw "Release tag $env:GITHUB_REF_NAME does not match package version $expectedTag."
+          }
+
+      - name: Setup Rust
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: npm ci
+
+      - name: Audit dependencies
+        run: npm audit
+
+      - name: Check release build metadata and signing environment
+        run: npm run release:env:check
+
+      - name: Check desktop release readiness
+        run: npm run desktop:release-readiness:check
+
+      - name: Check synchronized client version
+        run: npm run version:check
+
+      - name: Check runtime boundary
+        run: npm run runtime:check
+
+      - name: Check desktop release and security gate
+        run: npm run desktop:release:check
+
+      - name: Check UI contract
+        run: npm run ui:contract
+
+      - name: Type check
+        run: npm run type-check
+
+      - name: Unit tests
+        run: npm run test:unit
+
+      - name: Build Web artifact
+        run: npm run build
+
+      - name: Import Windows code-signing certificate
+        if: needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'signed'
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $pfxPath = Join-Path $env:RUNNER_TEMP "ctms-windows-signing.pfx"
+          $encodedCertificate = $env:WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE `
+            -replace "-----BEGIN [^-]+-----", "" `
+            -replace "-----END [^-]+-----", "" `
+            -replace "\s", ""
+          [IO.File]::WriteAllBytes($pfxPath, [Convert]::FromBase64String($encodedCertificate))
+          $password = ConvertTo-SecureString $env:WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD -AsPlainText -Force
+          $importedCertificates = Import-PfxCertificate -FilePath $pfxPath -CertStoreLocation "Cert:\CurrentUser\My" -Password $password -Exportable:$false
+          $certificate = $importedCertificates | Where-Object { $_.HasPrivateKey } | Select-Object -First 1
+          if (-not $certificate -or -not $certificate.HasPrivateKey) {
+            throw "The imported Windows code-signing certificate is missing its private key."
+          }
+          $now = Get-Date
+          if ($certificate.NotBefore -gt $now -or $certificate.NotAfter -le $now) {
+            throw "The Windows code-signing certificate is not currently valid."
+          }
+          $codeSigningEku = $certificate.EnhancedKeyUsageList | Where-Object { $_.ObjectId.Value -eq "1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3" }
+          if (-not $codeSigningEku) {
+            throw "The Windows certificate does not contain the Code Signing enhanced key usage."
+          }
+          "WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_THUMBPRINT=$($certificate.Thumbprint)" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          Remove-Item $pfxPath -Force
+
+      - name: Write signed Windows Tauri config
+        if: needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'signed'
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $config = @{
+            bundle = @{
+              windows = @{
+                certificateThumbprint = $env:WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_THUMBPRINT
+                digestAlgorithm = "sha256"
+                timestampUrl = $env:WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL
+                tsp = $true
+              }
+            }
+          } | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 8
+          Set-Content -Path "tauri.windows.release.conf.json" -Value $config -Encoding utf8
+          Get-Content "tauri.windows.release.conf.json"
+
+      - name: Build signed Windows NSIS artifacts
+        if: needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'signed'
+        timeout-minutes: 30
+        run: npm run desktop:build:windows-release -- --config tauri.windows.release.conf.json --ci
+
+      - name: Build unsigned Windows NSIS artifacts
+        if: needs.release-policy.outputs.platform_signing_mode == 'unsigned-exception'
+        timeout-minutes: 30
+        run: npm run desktop:build:windows-release -- --ci
+
+      - name: Verify platform signing mode and stage Windows artifacts
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $bundleDir = "src-tauri/target/release/bundle/nsis"
+          $installers = @(Get-ChildItem -Path $bundleDir -Filter "*.exe" -File)
+          $updaters = @(Get-ChildItem -Path $bundleDir -Filter "*.nsis.zip" -File)
+          $appExecutables = @(Get-ChildItem -Path "src-tauri/target/release" -Filter "*.exe" -File)
+          if ($installers.Count -ne 1 -or $updaters.Count -ne 1 -or $appExecutables.Count -eq 0) {
+            throw "Exactly one NSIS installer/updater and at least one application executable are required."
+          }
+
+          $signaturePath = "$($updaters[0].FullName).sig"
+          if (-not (Test-Path $signaturePath) -or (Get-Item $signaturePath).Length -eq 0) {
+            throw "The Windows updater signature is missing or empty."
+          }
+
+          foreach ($executable in @($appExecutables + $installers)) {
+            $signature = Get-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath $executable.FullName
+            if ($env:DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE -eq "signed") {
+              if ($signature.Status -ne "Valid" -or -not $signature.SignerCertificate -or -not $signature.TimeStamperCertificate) {
+                throw "Authenticode signature or RFC 3161 timestamp is invalid for $($executable.FullName): $($signature.StatusMessage)"
+              }
+            } elseif ($signature.Status -ne "NotSigned") {
+              throw "The Windows unsigned-platform exception must produce an Authenticode-unsigned executable: $($executable.FullName) returned $($signature.Status)."
+            }
+          }
+
+          $stage = "src-tauri/target/desktop-release-windows"
+          New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $stage -Force | Out-Null
+          if ($env:DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE -eq "unsigned-exception") {
+            $installerName = $installers[0].Name -replace '\.exe$', '_UNSIGNED.exe'
+            $updaterName = $updaters[0].Name -replace '\.nsis\.zip$', '_UNSIGNED.nsis.zip'
+            Copy-Item $installers[0].FullName -Destination (Join-Path $stage $installerName)
+            Copy-Item $updaters[0].FullName -Destination (Join-Path $stage $updaterName)
+            Copy-Item $signaturePath -Destination (Join-Path $stage "$updaterName.sig")
+            Copy-Item "desktop-release-unsigned-warning.txt" -Destination (Join-Path $stage "UNSIGNED-PLATFORM-RELEASE.txt")
+          } else {
+            Copy-Item $installers[0].FullName, $updaters[0].FullName, $signaturePath -Destination $stage
+          }
+
+      - name: Remove Windows signing certificate
+        if: always()
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          if ($env:WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_THUMBPRINT) {
+            Remove-Item "Cert:\CurrentUser\My\$env:WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_THUMBPRINT" -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+          }
+          Remove-Item (Join-Path $env:RUNNER_TEMP "ctms-windows-signing.pfx") -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+          Remove-Item "tauri.windows.release.conf.json" -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+
+      - name: Upload Windows candidate artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: ctms-desktop-windows-${{ github.ref_name }}-${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.artifact_label }}
+          path: frontend/src-tauri/target/desktop-release-windows/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+
+  aggregate-release-candidate:
+    name: Verify combined desktop release directory
+    needs:
+      - release-policy
+      - macos-release-candidate
+      - windows-release-candidate
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: frontend
+    env:
+      DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.artifact_base_url || vars.DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout release source
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: "22.13"
+
+      - name: Download macOS candidate artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: ctms-desktop-macos-${{ github.ref_name }}-${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.artifact_label }}
+          path: frontend/src-tauri/target/desktop-release-input/macos
+
+      - name: Download Windows candidate artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: ctms-desktop-windows-${{ github.ref_name }}-${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.artifact_label }}
+          path: frontend/src-tauri/target/desktop-release-input/windows
+
+      - name: Create desktop release provenance
+        run: npm run desktop:release-provenance:create -- --macos-signing "${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.macos_signing }}" --windows-signing "${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.windows_signing }}" --output src-tauri/target/desktop-release-input/DESKTOP-RELEASE-PROVENANCE.json
+
+      - name: Create combined desktop update feed
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          mapfile -t mac_artifacts < <(find src-tauri/target/desktop-release-input/macos -name '*.app.tar.gz' -type f)
+          mapfile -t dmgs < <(find src-tauri/target/desktop-release-input/macos -name '*.dmg' -type f)
+          mapfile -t windows_artifacts < <(find src-tauri/target/desktop-release-input/windows -name '*.nsis.zip' -type f)
+          mapfile -t installers < <(find src-tauri/target/desktop-release-input/windows -name '*.exe' -type f)
+          if [[ ${#mac_artifacts[@]} -ne 1 || ${#dmgs[@]} -ne 1 || ${#windows_artifacts[@]} -ne 1 || ${#installers[@]} -ne 1 ]]; then
+            echo "Exactly one macOS updater/DMG and one Windows updater/installer are required."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          include_args=(--include "${dmgs[0]}" --include "${installers[0]}" --include src-tauri/target/desktop-release-input/DESKTOP-RELEASE-PROVENANCE.json)
+          notes_args=()
+          if [[ "${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.warning_required }}" == "true" ]]; then
+            mapfile -t warnings < <(find src-tauri/target/desktop-release-input/macos -name 'UNSIGNED-PLATFORM-RELEASE.txt' -type f)
+            if [[ ${#warnings[@]} -ne 1 ]]; then
+              echo "The unsigned-platform release warning is required."
+              exit 1
+            fi
+            include_args+=(--include "${warnings[0]}")
+            notes_args+=(--notes "UNSIGNED PLATFORM RELEASE: macOS is ad-hoc signed and not notarized; Windows is not Authenticode-signed. Gatekeeper and SmartScreen warnings are expected. Verify tag, commit, updater signatures, and SHA256SUMS.txt before installation.")
          fi

          npm run desktop:update-feed:create -- \
-            --artifact "${artifact}" \
+            --artifact "${mac_artifacts[0]}" \
+            --platform-artifact "windows-x86_64=${windows_artifacts[0]}" \
            "${include_args[@]}" \
+            "${notes_args[@]}" \
            --output-dir src-tauri/target/desktop-release-feed \
            --base-url "${DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL}"

-      - name: Verify desktop update feed
-        run: npm run desktop:update-feed:check -- --feed src-tauri/target/desktop-release-feed/latest.json --artifacts-dir src-tauri/target/desktop-release-feed --base-url "${DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL}"
+      - name: Verify combined desktop update feed
+        run: npm run desktop:update-feed:check -- --feed src-tauri/target/desktop-release-feed/latest.json --artifacts-dir src-tauri/target/desktop-release-feed --base-url "${DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL}" --require-platform windows-x86_64 --require-provenance

      - name: Upload verified desktop release directory
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: ctms-desktop-release-${{ github.ref_name }}
+          name: ctms-desktop-release-${{ github.ref_name }}-${{ needs.release-policy.outputs.artifact_label }}
          path: frontend/src-tauri/target/desktop-release-feed/*
          if-no-files-found: error
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ jobs:
  windows-internal:
    name: Windows NSIS internal validation
    runs-on: windows-latest
+    env:
+      VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL: ${{ vars.VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL }}
    defaults:
      run:
        working-directory: frontend
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@

 桌面端项目计划书已完成并移除；当前桌面端执行约束以本文件为准。桌面端任务包括但不限于 Tauri、macOS、Windows、桌面打包、桌面存储、文件集成、系统通知、自动更新和桌面端安全边界。历史设计只作追溯参考，见 `docs/desktop-phase-1-design.md`、`docs/desktop-phase-2-design.md`、`docs/audits/desktop-release-stabilization-checklist.md`。

-桌面端当前不是空白初始化项目。Tauri 基线、macOS 在线桌面壳和第二阶段原生能力主体已经形成；后续工作限于修复、稳定化、体验收口、发布准备、在线辅助缓存和 Windows 兼容验证。不得重新按第一阶段空白项目初始化 Tauri，不得绕过现有 `frontend/src/runtime/` 适配层直接在业务模块中使用 Tauri API。
+桌面端当前不是空白初始化项目。Tauri 基线、macOS 在线桌面壳和第二阶段原生能力主体已经形成；后续工作限于修复、稳定化、体验收口、发布准备、在线辅助缓存、Windows 兼容验证和已批准的 Windows 正式发布。不得重新按第一阶段空白项目初始化 Tauri，不得绕过现有 `frontend/src/runtime/` 适配层直接在业务模块中使用 Tauri API。

 除非用户明确要求先调整本文件中的约束，否则不要实现离线功能、本地业务权威数据存储、内嵌后端服务、离线同步、本地优先工作流或新的阶段性桌面产品线。在线辅助本地缓存只允许作为已认证在线客户端的体验加速能力；处理桌面本地缓存、请求去重、条件请求、缓存诊断或缓存清理相关任务时，必须阅读并遵守 `docs/desktop-local-cache-plan.md`。

@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@
 - 未完成后端 token 校验和 `/me` 身份确认前，不得展示业务缓存；登出、切换服务器、切换用户、401/403、权限上下文变化或缓存 schema 变化时必须清理或失效相关缓存。
 - 新增或调整 Tauri command、capability、CSP、updater、凭据、文件、通知、本地缓存持久化或底层存储能力时，必须同步评估 `frontend/scripts/verify-desktop-release.mjs`、`npm run runtime:check` 和桌面发布检查清单是否需要更新。
 - token、附件下载凭据和敏感业务信息不得写入 URL、日志、系统通知正文或明文浏览器存储。
- Windows 仍只作为第二阶段兼容性验证目标；未获明确批准前不发布正式 Windows 安装包。Windows 内测构建只能使用 `.github/workflows/desktop-windows-internal.yml` 的手动验证入口，不得生成生产 `latest.json`、updater feed 或正式发布制品。
+- 正式桌面客户端的默认 CTMS 服务端入口必须由构建环境变量 `VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL` 注入，不得在运行时代码中写死生产域名；用户仍可在桌面服务器设置中手动覆盖，手动值优先并沿用既有的切换服务器登出与缓存失效边界。该变量只表示业务服务端 origin，不得与 updater 制品前缀 `DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL` 混用。
+- Windows x64 NSIS 已获准作为正式桌面发布目标；正式制品必须由 `.github/workflows/desktop-release-candidate.yml` 从与 macOS/Web 相同的 `vX.Y.Z` tag 和 SHA 构建。平台签名默认要求组织 Windows 代码签名证书、RFC 3161 时间戳和 Authenticode 校验；只有 `frontend/desktop-release-policy.json` 中按精确版本记录、经发布负责人批准的例外可跳过平台签名。无论是否采用平台签名例外，都必须使用 updater 私钥、校验 updater feed，并明确标记平台未签名风险。`.github/workflows/desktop-windows-internal.yml` 仍只用于分支上的无签名兼容性验证，不得生成生产 `latest.json`、updater feed 或正式发布制品。
+- v0.1.0 另获准在 GitHub Actions 额度不可用时，从最终 `release` 上不可移动的 `v0.1.0` tag/SHA 在受控 macOS 主机本地构建并先行上传 macOS ad-hoc 制品；Windows 只能在额度恢复后从同一 tag/SHA 后补。macOS 先行阶段必须发布 updater `.sig`、checksum、provenance、`UNSIGNED-PLATFORM` 与 Windows pending 说明，但不得发布或替换生产 `latest.json`；只有 Windows `NotSigned` 制品和联合 feed 均验证通过后才能激活自动更新源。该本地/分阶段例外不适用于后续版本。

 ## 分支与发布治理

@@ -57,4 +59,4 @@ npm run desktop:build:app

 本地缓存相关变更至少执行 `runtime:check`、`desktop:release:check`、`ui:contract`、`type-check`、`test:unit` 和 `build`；若新增 Tauri command、capability、CSP 或底层持久化存储，还需执行 `desktop:build:app` 并在真实桌面 App 中验证缓存清理和诊断入口。

-正式桌面发布构建仍必须使用组织批准的 updater 签名私钥和 Apple 签名/公证流程；未签名或 ad-hoc 构建只能作为内部验证构建描述。
+正式桌面发布构建必须使用组织批准的 updater 签名私钥，updater 签名不可因平台签名例外而关闭。平台签名默认要求 macOS 完成 Apple 签名/公证、Windows 完成组织代码签名、RFC 3161 时间戳和 Authenticode 校验。当前仅批准 v0.1.0 采用受控分发例外：macOS 使用 ad-hoc 签名且不公证，Windows 应用和安装器保持 Authenticode 未签名；制品名、发布说明、校验清单和 provenance 必须清楚标注 `UNSIGNED-PLATFORM`，并提示 Gatekeeper/SmartScreen 警告。该例外不自动适用于后续版本。
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # CTMS Desktop Release Stabilization Checklist

 状态: `active`
-适用范围: Web 与 macOS Desktop 统一客户端发布
-最后更新: `2026-07-14`
+适用范围: Web、macOS Desktop 与 Windows x64 Desktop 统一客户端发布
+最后更新: `2026-07-17`

 本清单用于第一、二阶段桌面端能力完成后的准发布稳定化。当前允许按 `docs/desktop-local-cache-plan.md` 引入在线辅助本地缓存，但不引入离线登录、离线写入、本地业务权威数据、内嵌后端服务或离线同步。

@@ -28,12 +28,14 @@ npm run desktop:build:app

 - [ ] `frontend/package.json`、`package-lock.json`、Tauri 配置、Cargo manifest/lock 版本一致。
 - [ ] `VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL=release` 和 `VITE_BUILD_COMMIT=<release tag commit>` 由 CI 注入，且 `npm run release:env:check` 通过。
- [ ] 在正式 release tag 和签名环境中执行 `npm run desktop:release-readiness:check`，确认 tag、构建元数据、签名/公证变量、updater 私钥和生产 artifact HTTPS 基址齐备。
- [ ] macOS app 已签名和公证。
+- [ ] 在正式 release tag 环境中执行 `npm run desktop:release-readiness:check`，确认 tag、构建元数据、当前精确版本的平台签名策略、updater 私钥和生产 artifact HTTPS 基址齐备。
+- [ ] macOS app 已完成 Apple 签名/公证；若当前精确版本获批平台签名例外，则已验证 `Signature=adhoc`、确认未公证并附带 Gatekeeper 风险说明。
+- [ ] Windows 应用和 NSIS 安装器已使用组织证书签名并带有效 RFC 3161 时间戳，`Get-AuthenticodeSignature` 返回 `Valid`；若当前精确版本获批例外，则应用和安装器必须返回 `NotSigned` 并附带 SmartScreen 风险说明。
 - [ ] updater `.sig` 使用组织 CI secret 或密钥库中的私钥生成，私钥未进入仓库。
- [ ] 设置 `TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY`、`TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD` 和 Apple 签名/公证变量后，以 `REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING=true` 再次执行 `npm run release:env:check`，随后执行 `npm run desktop:build:macos-release -- --ci`。
- [ ] 正式 updater feed 先执行 `npm run desktop:update-feed:create -- --artifact <CTMS.app.tar.gz> --base-url <versioned-https-artifact-prefix> --output-dir <release-dir>` 生成 `latest.json` 与 `SHA256SUMS.txt`。
- [ ] 正式 updater feed 执行 `npm run desktop:update-feed:check -- --feed <release-dir>/latest.json --artifacts-dir <release-dir>`，并确认 checksum manifest、updater artifact、`.sig` 和 `latest.json` 均通过校验。
+- [ ] 始终设置 `TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY`、`TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD` 和 `REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING=true`；默认 macOS 路径再设置 Apple 变量和 `REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING=true`，例外路径则设置 `DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE=unsigned-exception`、`ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE=true` 并执行 `npm run desktop:build:macos-unsigned-release -- --ci`。
+- [ ] 默认 Windows 路径设置 PFX、密码、`WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL` 和 `REQUIRE_WINDOWS_SIGNING=true`；例外路径不得伪装签名状态，构建后必须对应用和安装器验证 `NotSigned`。
+- [ ] 正式 updater feed 使用 `--artifact <CTMS.app.tar.gz>` 和 `--platform-artifact windows-x86_64=<CTMS.nsis.zip>` 汇总生成同一个 `latest.json` 与 `SHA256SUMS.txt`。
+- [ ] 正式 updater feed 执行 `npm run desktop:update-feed:check -- --feed <release-dir>/latest.json --artifacts-dir <release-dir> --require-platform windows-x86_64 --require-provenance`，并确认两个平台的 updater artifact、`.sig`、安装包、provenance、checksum manifest 和 `latest.json` 均通过校验。
 - [ ] 不可变制品先上传，`latest.json` 最后原子替换；若 feed 校验未通过，不替换线上 `latest.json`。
 - [ ] Web 与 Desktop 制品记录同一产品版本、Git 标签和完整提交 SHA。

@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ npm run desktop:build:app
 - [ ] updater capability 不直接暴露给 WebView，自动更新只走受控 Tauri command。
 - [ ] 更新弹窗 release notes 过滤 URL、token 查询参数和 Authorization/Bearer 形态文本。
 - [ ] CI release 候选 workflow 包含 version/runtime/desktop/ui/type/unit/build/desktop app smoke 门禁。
- [ ] signed macOS release candidate workflow 只允许从 `vX.Y.Z` tag 运行，并包含签名环境检查、Universal macOS 构建、update feed 生成、checksum 校验和 verified release directory 上传。
+- [ ] Desktop release candidate workflow 只允许从 `vX.Y.Z` tag 运行；先按精确版本解析平台签名策略，macOS 和 Windows 原生 job 分别验证实际签名状态，再由聚合 job 生成包含 `darwin-aarch64`、`darwin-x86_64` 和 `windows-x86_64` 的 feed、provenance、checksum 清单和 verified release directory。

 人工复审还必须确认：

@@ -86,7 +88,8 @@ npm run desktop:build:app
 | 登录与项目恢复 | 必测 | 必测 | 登录成功后恢复可访问项目；401 后重新登录 |
 | 记住密码 | 必测 | 必测 | Web 使用浏览器凭据管理/自动填充；Desktop 使用系统凭据库；未勾选时不继续写入保存密码 |
 | 30 天免登录 | 不适用 | 必测 | 关闭并重启 App 后复用系统凭据库中的后端在线会话；超过 30 天或 `/me` 校验失败后重新登录 |
-| 服务器地址未配置 | 不适用 | 必测 | 自动进入服务器设置，不进入业务页 |
+| 构建默认服务器地址已注入 | 不适用 | 必测 | 首次启动使用 `VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL`，不要求重复输入；运行时代码不含生产域名 |
+| 构建默认地址和本地配置均缺失 | 不适用 | 必测 | 自动进入服务器设置，不进入业务页 |
 | 服务器地址切换 | 不适用 | 必测 | 清除当前会话和项目上下文，要求重新登录 |
 | 服务端不可达 | 必测 | 必测 | 显示可恢复错误，不进入离线模式 |
 | 本地缓存命中 | 必测 | 必测 | `/me` 校验通过后可先展示缓存再后台刷新 |
@@ -261,3 +264,35 @@ npm run desktop:build:app
 真实 `.app` 仍需人工验证：红色按钮真正关闭主窗口后 Dock 重建、菜单顺序、个人中心自身关闭按钮、编辑菜单文本输入行为、自定义快捷键即时同步，以及系统明暗模式切换时的标题栏一致性。

 本轮未引入以下条件性 Swift 能力：Quick Look 需先确认附件审阅频率和 Windows 降级语义；Touch ID 会改变现有 30 天会话恢复体验，需先确定凭据访问控制策略；通知点击回跳需先定义固定、无敏感信息的动作和目标页面。三项均不是当前发布前置条件。
+
+## 12. 2026-07-17 Windows 正式发布链路记录
+
+经发布负责人明确批准，Windows x64 NSIS 从内部兼容性验证目标提升为正式桌面发布目标。本轮完成：
+
+- 正式 Desktop candidate workflow 拆分为 macOS 签名/公证、Windows 代码签名和跨平台聚合三个 job；两端都只接受与客户端版本一致的 `vX.Y.Z` tag。
+- Windows job 从组织 secret 导入 Base64 PFX，动态配置证书指纹、SHA-256、RFC 3161 时间戳，构建 NSIS installer/updater，并校验应用与安装器的 Authenticode signer 和 timestamp certificate。
+- 聚合 job 只在两个原生 job 均通过后生成统一 `latest.json`，同时包含 Universal macOS 的两个平台键和 `windows-x86_64`，并校验所有制品、`.sig` 与 checksum。
+- 无签名 `.github/workflows/desktop-windows-internal.yml` 继续保持 branch-only 内部验证语义，不生成正式 updater feed。
+- npm 依赖锁文件已升级至当前安全修复版本，生产和完整依赖审计均为 0 个已知漏洞；Axios 新 header 类型通过受控字符串归一化适配并新增单元测试。
+
+创建正式 tag 前仍必须由发布负责人确认：
+
+- GitHub Actions 已配置 updater secrets 和 versioned artifact base URL；默认平台签名路径还必须配置 Apple 与 Windows secrets 和 Windows timestamp URL。
+- 若使用默认 Windows 签名路径，组织证书允许 PFX 导入 CI；若为硬件或云托管密钥，先将 workflow 切换为经审计的 Tauri `signCommand` provider。
+- macOS/Windows 原生 candidate job、联合 feed 校验、真实安装/升级和生产下载源上传全部通过。
+
+## 13. 2026-07-17 v0.1.0 平台签名例外记录
+
+经发布负责人明确批准，v0.1.0 可在无法提供 Apple Developer 和 Windows 组织代码签名凭据时受控分发。该批准仅覆盖精确版本 `0.1.0`：
+
+- `frontend/desktop-release-policy.json` 默认仍为 `signed`，仅将 v0.1.0 列入 `unsignedPlatformExceptions`；后续版本不会继承本例外。
+- macOS 使用 Tauri `signingIdentity: "-"` 生成 ad-hoc 签名 Universal app/DMG，必须通过 `codesign --verify` 并确认 `Signature=adhoc`，不执行或声称 Apple 公证。
+- Windows 应用和 NSIS 安装器不做 Authenticode 签名，必须通过 `Get-AuthenticodeSignature` 确认 `NotSigned`，不执行或声称 RFC 3161 时间戳。
+- 两端仍必须从同一 `v0.1.0` tag 和 SHA 构建，使用同一 updater 私钥生成 `.sig`，并通过联合 feed、checksum 和 provenance 校验。
+- GitHub Actions 额度不可用期间，发布负责人额外批准从最终 `v0.1.0` tag/SHA 在受控 macOS 主机本地构建并先行上传 macOS 制品；Windows 必须在恢复后从同一 tag/SHA 后补。
+- macOS 先行 Release 必须包含 DMG、updater 包及 `.sig`、checksum、provenance、`UNSIGNED-PLATFORM` 和 Windows pending 说明，且不得包含或替换生产 `latest.json`。
+- Windows `NotSigned` 实物和联合 feed 全部验证通过后，才允许激活生产 updater feed；tag 不得为补充 Windows 制品而移动。
+- 制品与 Actions artifact 名称必须含 `_UNSIGNED` 或 `UNSIGNED-PLATFORM`，发布目录必须携带 `UNSIGNED-PLATFORM-RELEASE.txt` 和 `DESKTOP-RELEASE-PROVENANCE.json`。
+- 受控分发说明必须明确提示 macOS Gatekeeper 与 Windows SmartScreen 警告；平台未签名制品不得描述为 Apple/Microsoft 信任或已公证/已 Authenticode 签名。
+
+本地实物验证已完成：使用当前 updater 私钥成功构建 Universal `x86_64 arm64` macOS app、DMG、`.app.tar.gz` 和 `.sig`；`codesign --verify --deep --strict` 通过，签名详情为 `Signature=adhoc`、`TeamIdentifier=not set`，Gatekeeper 拒绝符合预期。Windows `NotSigned`、NSIS 和 updater `.sig` 仍须由 `windows-latest` 原生 job 在正式 tag 上验证。
@@ -305,9 +305,27 @@ Before promoting `main` to `release`, confirm:

 - release checklist is complete
 - production initialization, build, and smoke verification are complete
+- Desktop updater signatures are present and verified
+- platform signing is either complete or the exact version has an approved,
+  checked-in exception in `frontend/desktop-release-policy.json`; the current
+  v0.1.0 exception requires macOS ad-hoc signing, unsigned Windows artifacts,
+  controlled distribution, and explicit trust warnings
 - rollback or remediation path is clear
 - release tag has been prepared

+Platform signing remains the default for versions without an exact approved
+exception. An exception never permits disabling Tauri updater signatures or
+building Web, macOS, and Windows from different tags or commits.
+
+For v0.1.0 only, the release owner also approved a staged contingency while
+hosted Actions capacity is unavailable: macOS may be built on a controlled
+local macOS host from the immutable final `v0.1.0` tag and published first.
+Windows remains pending and must later be built from that same tag and SHA.
+The macOS-only release must carry checksums, provenance, updater signature,
+platform-trust warnings, and an explicit Windows-pending notice. It must not
+publish or replace production `latest.json`; updater feed activation waits for
+combined macOS and Windows verification.
+
 Reference:

 - [docs/guides/release-checklist.md](guides/release-checklist.md)
@@ -106,8 +106,9 @@ npm run desktop:build:app
 npm run desktop:build:app
 ```

-正式桌面发布构建仍必须设置 updater 签名私钥和 Apple 签名/公证变量后，先执行
-`npm run desktop:release-readiness:check`，再执行 `npm run desktop:build:macos-release -- --ci`。
+正式桌面发布构建必须从同一正式 tag 分别在 macOS 和 Windows 原生 CI job 执行。两端都必须设置 updater 签名私钥，updater 签名不可关闭。平台签名默认路径仍要求 macOS 设置 Apple 签名/公证变量并以 `REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING=true` 执行，Windows 设置 PFX、密码和 RFC 3161 时间戳变量并以 `REQUIRE_WINDOWS_SIGNING=true` 执行。只有 `frontend/desktop-release-policy.json` 对当前精确版本存在已批准例外时，workflow 才可改为 macOS ad-hoc、Windows Authenticode 未签名路径；例外制品必须标注 `UNSIGNED-PLATFORM`、生成 provenance 和风险说明。两个平台与联合 feed 校验通过后才能汇总正式 updater feed。
+
+v0.1.0 额外批准 GitHub Actions 额度不可用时的分阶段应急路径：先在受控 macOS 主机从最终、不可移动的 `v0.1.0` tag/SHA 本地构建并上传 macOS ad-hoc 制品，随附 updater `.sig`、checksum、provenance、平台未签名警告和 Windows pending 说明；Windows 恢复后必须从同一 tag/SHA 后补。macOS 先行阶段不得发布或替换生产 `latest.json`，联合 feed 必须等待 Windows `NotSigned` 实物验证完成。

 后端改动应补充执行受影响模块的后端测试、迁移检查和接口回归。

@@ -207,6 +208,7 @@ dev -> main
 - 前后端测试通过
 - 网页端构建通过
 - macOS 桌面端构建通过
+- Windows x64 NSIS 兼容性构建通过；正式发布时平台签名和时间戳验证通过，或当前精确版本的已批准平台签名例外验证通过
 - 数据库迁移经过验证
 - 已知风险和回滚方式已记录

@@ -281,7 +283,7 @@ main -> release
 - 回归测试通过
 - 数据库迁移和回滚方案确认
 - 网页端生产构建通过
- 桌面端生产构建通过
+- macOS 与 Windows 桌面端生产构建均从候选 tag 通过
 - 发布说明完成
 - 生产配置和密钥不在仓库中
 - 正式版本号已经统一
@@ -295,7 +297,9 @@ git tag -a v1.2.0 -m "CTMS v1.2.0"
 git push origin v1.2.0
 ```

-网页端和桌面端必须从同一个 `v1.2.0` 标签构建。不得从不同分支、不同提交或本地未提交状态构建正式制品。
+网页端、macOS 和 Windows 桌面端必须从同一个 `v1.2.0` 标签构建。不得从不同分支、不同提交或本地未提交状态构建正式制品。两个平台的 updater 签名制品必须始终验证通过；macOS 签名/公证和 Windows 代码签名/RFC 3161 时间戳必须验证通过，除非 `frontend/desktop-release-policy.json` 对该精确版本记录了已批准例外。采用例外时必须验证 macOS 确为 ad-hoc、Windows 确为 `NotSigned`，并随安装包分发 `UNSIGNED-PLATFORM` 风险说明、provenance 和 checksum，之后才能最后原子替换生产 `latest.json`。
+
+若执行 v0.1.0 的已批准分阶段应急路径，首次 macOS Release 可先于 Windows 发布，但 tag/SHA 不得移动；首次 Release 不包含 `latest.json`，并必须明确标记 Windows pending。Windows 后补且联合 feed 验证通过后，才允许按上述顺序激活生产 updater feed。

 发布记录至少包含：

@@ -450,6 +454,7 @@ git log --oneline --decorate --graph --all -30
 - [ ] `npm run build` 通过
 - [ ] `npm run desktop:build:app` 通过
 - [ ] 正式桌面发布构建已使用 updater 签名私钥执行
+- [ ] 平台签名已验证，或当前精确版本已在 `frontend/desktop-release-policy.json` 获批例外且 `UNSIGNED-PLATFORM` 风险说明、provenance 和 checksum 齐备
 - [ ] 数据库迁移与回滚方案确认
 - [ ] 发布说明完成
 - [ ] `main -> release` 合并完成
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ Manual edits that leave these files inconsistent fail CI.
 ## Stabilization Gates

 Client builds require Node.js 22.13.0 or newer. The development frontend container,
-Web CI, macOS release candidates, Windows internal validation, and the production
-Web image use the same Node 22.13 baseline.
+Web CI, macOS and Windows release candidates, Windows internal validation, and the
+production Web image use the same Node 22.13 baseline.

 Client release candidates must pass the shared Web checks and the Desktop
 release/security gate before promotion:
@@ -85,8 +85,13 @@ npm run build
 npm run desktop:build:app
 ```

-`release:env:check` verifies build channel and commit metadata, and can be
-made strict for signed Desktop builds with `REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING=true`.
+`release:env:check` verifies build channel and commit metadata, and becomes
+platform-strict with `REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING=true` on macOS or
+`REQUIRE_WINDOWS_SIGNING=true` on Windows. Formal native jobs also set
+`REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING=true`, `DESKTOP_RELEASE_PLATFORM`, and the
+version-derived `DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE`. The exact-version policy in
+`frontend/desktop-release-policy.json` is checked with
+`npm run desktop:release-policy:check`.
 `desktop:release:check` statically verifies the Tauri bundle, updater public
 key, CSP, capability scopes, command allowlist, query-token ban, generic system
 notification boundary, CI gate coverage, and secure session token boundary. The
@@ -96,7 +101,7 @@ full manual release, security, regression, and Desktop UX checklist lives in
 ## Promotion

 1. Merge feature branches into `dev`.
-2. Require the shared client/Web and macOS Desktop CI jobs to pass.
+2. Require the shared client/Web and macOS/Windows Desktop CI jobs to pass.
 3. Promote the accepted scope from `dev` to `main`.
 4. Set the release version and complete regression testing on `main`.
 5. Promote `main` to `release`.
@@ -130,11 +135,11 @@ for `localhost`, `127.0.0.1`, or `::1`.
 The release pipeline must:

 1. build from the accepted release tag and commit;
-2. build macOS Universal desktop artifacts;
-3. sign and notarize the macOS app;
-4. produce updater artifacts and `.sig` files with the updater private key;
-5. generate `latest.json` and a checksum manifest with `npm run desktop:update-feed:create`;
-6. verify the feed with `npm run desktop:update-feed:check -- --feed <release-dir>/latest.json --artifacts-dir <release-dir>`;
+2. build the Universal macOS app/DMG and Windows x64 NSIS installer from that tag;
+3. use Apple signing/notarization and Windows Authenticode/RFC 3161 signing by default, or use a checked-in exact-version exception that constrains macOS to ad-hoc signing and Windows to Authenticode-unsigned output;
+4. produce macOS `.app.tar.gz` and Windows `.nsis.zip` updater artifacts plus their `.sig` files with the shared updater private key;
+5. generate `DESKTOP-RELEASE-PROVENANCE.json`, one combined `latest.json`, and a checksum manifest;
+6. verify all macOS and Windows entries with `npm run desktop:update-feed:check -- --feed <release-dir>/latest.json --artifacts-dir <release-dir> --require-platform windows-x86_64 --require-provenance`;
 7. upload immutable artifacts first;
 8. atomically replace `latest.json` last.

@@ -142,28 +147,73 @@ For Universal macOS artifacts, `latest.json` must provide both
 `darwin-aarch64` and `darwin-x86_64` entries pointing at the same Universal
 update package.

-The signed release candidate workflow lives at
+The same feed must also contain `windows-x86_64`, pointing to the updater-signed
+NSIS `.nsis.zip` package. The Windows `.exe` installer is distributed next to
+the updater package but is not used as the updater URL. Tauri updater signing is
+mandatory in both platform-signed and platform-signing-exception modes.
+
+The formal release candidate workflow lives at
 `.github/workflows/desktop-release-candidate.yml`. It must be run from a
 matching `vX.Y.Z` tag and produces a verified release directory as a GitHub
 artifact. That artifact is still only a release candidate; the release owner
 must upload immutable files to the production download origin and replace
 `latest.json` atomically after validation.

-## Windows Build Readiness
+Platform signing defaults to `signed`. An exception is allowed only when
+`frontend/desktop-release-policy.json` names the exact product version and
+records release-owner approval. The current v0.1.0 exception uses macOS ad-hoc
+signing and unsigned Windows application/installer binaries. Its artifact names
+and release directory contain `UNSIGNED-PLATFORM`; the directory must include
+`UNSIGNED-PLATFORM-RELEASE.txt`, `DESKTOP-RELEASE-PROVENANCE.json`, and
+`SHA256SUMS.txt`. This does not establish Apple or Microsoft publisher trust,
+and Gatekeeper or SmartScreen warnings are expected. Later versions return to
+the signed default unless separately approved.

-Second-phase Windows work is limited to CI compatibility validation. A
-`windows-latest` x64 NSIS build may be produced for verification, but it is not
-a formal deliverable until Windows code signing and release support are
-approved.
+### v0.1.0 staged macOS contingency

-Windows validation must cover:
+The release owner approved one additional v0.1.0 contingency for unavailable
+hosted Actions capacity. A controlled local macOS host may build the macOS
+ad-hoc artifacts from the immutable final `v0.1.0` tag and publish them first.
+That initial GitHub Release must include the DMG, updater package and `.sig`,
+`SHA256SUMS.txt`, provenance, the unsigned-platform warning, and an explicit
+Windows-pending notice. Windows must later be built from the same tag and SHA.
+
+The staged macOS release is an installer distribution, not an activated
+cross-platform updater release. Do not upload or replace production
+`latest.json` until the Windows `NotSigned` installer/updater has been built and
+the combined macOS/Windows feed passes full verification. This fallback is
+limited to v0.1.0 and does not authorize local formal builds for later versions.
+
+## Windows Release and Internal Validation
+
+Windows x64 NSIS is an approved formal Desktop target. Formal Windows builds
+run in `.github/workflows/desktop-release-candidate.yml` from the same exact
+`vX.Y.Z` tag and SHA as Web and macOS. The default signed path must:
+
+- import a Base64-encoded PFX from `WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE` using
+  `WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD`;
+- configure the imported certificate thumbprint, SHA-256 digest,
+  `WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL`, and RFC 3161 timestamp mode dynamically in CI;
+- set `REQUIRE_WINDOWS_SIGNING=true` and use the updater signing secrets;
+- verify the application and installer with `Get-AuthenticodeSignature`,
+  including signer and timestamp certificates;
+- publish the signed NSIS `.exe`, `.nsis.zip`, and `.nsis.zip.sig` into the
+  combined verified Desktop release directory.
+
+For an approved exact-version unsigned-platform exception, the Windows job
+must instead leave the application and installer Authenticode-unsigned, require
+`Get-AuthenticodeSignature` to return `NotSigned`, append `_UNSIGNED` to the
+installer and updater artifact names, and still create and verify the updater
+`.sig`. A certificate secret and timestamp URL are not required in this mode.
+
+Windows release validation also covers:

 - WebView2 runtime prerequisite behavior;
 - user-level installer assumptions;
 - Windows Credential Manager session storage;
 - path handling and temporary file cleanup;
 - notification and updater compilation;
- future code-signing requirements.
+- code-signing trust, timestamp validity, and updater signature verification.

 The manual internal Windows validation workflow lives at
 `.github/workflows/desktop-windows-internal.yml`. It is `workflow_dispatch`
@@ -172,8 +222,39 @@ only, runs on `windows-latest`, injects `VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL` and
 and Desktop safety gates, builds an unsigned NSIS installer with updater
 artifacts disabled, and uploads the `.exe` plus `SHA256SUMS.txt` as a GitHub
 Actions artifact. This workflow is for internal compatibility verification
-only; it must not generate `latest.json`, update feeds, signed release
-directories, or formal Windows release artifacts.
+only; it must not generate `latest.json`, update feeds, verified release
+directories, or formal Windows release artifacts. A successful internal build
+does not substitute for the tag-only formal workflow, including when that
+formal workflow uses an approved platform-signing exception.
+
+The formal workflow always requires these organization settings:
+
+- secrets: `TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY` and
+  `TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD`;
+- client default CTMS origin: repository variable `VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL`;
+- shared versioned HTTPS artifact prefix: `DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL` or the
+  manual workflow input.
+
+`VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL` must be an HTTPS origin without credentials, path,
+query, or fragment. Vite embeds it as the Desktop client's first-run default;
+the runtime source must not contain the production hostname. A user can still
+override this default in Desktop server settings, where the persisted manual
+value takes precedence and switching origins clears the existing session and
+server-scoped client state. Do not reuse this value as
+`DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL`: the latter points to immutable updater artifacts,
+not the CTMS business API.
+
+The default signed path additionally requires `WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE`,
+`WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD`, and `WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL`, plus the Apple
+credentials documented by the release owner. The v0.1.0 exception does not
+require those platform certificate settings.
+
+The checked-in workflow implements the exportable PFX path. Confirm that the
+organization's certificate policy permits an exportable CI certificate before
+provisioning it. If the selected CA provides only hardware- or cloud-backed
+keys, replace the PFX import with a reviewed Tauri `signCommand` integration
+(for example, the organization's Azure signing provider) while retaining the
+same Authenticode and timestamp verification gates.

 ## Required Checks

@@ -183,6 +264,7 @@ npm ci
 npm run version:check
 export VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL=release
 export VITE_BUILD_COMMIT="$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+export VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL="https://ctms.example.com"
 npm run release:env:check
 npm run runtime:check
 npm run desktop:release:check
@@ -193,15 +275,21 @@ npm run build
 npm run desktop:build:app
 export TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY="$UPDATER_PRIVATE_KEY"
 export TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD="$UPDATER_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD"
-export REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING=true
+export REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING=true
+export DESKTOP_RELEASE_PLATFORM=macos
+export DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE=unsigned-exception
+export ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE=true
 npm run release:env:check
 npm run desktop:release-readiness:check
-npm run desktop:build:macos-release -- --ci
-npm run desktop:update-feed:create -- --artifact <CTMS.app.tar.gz> --base-url <versioned-https-artifact-prefix> --output-dir <release-dir>
-npm run desktop:update-feed:check -- --feed <release-dir>/latest.json --artifacts-dir <release-dir>
+npm run desktop:build:macos-unsigned-release -- --ci
+npm run desktop:update-feed:create -- --artifact <CTMS.app.tar.gz> --platform-artifact windows-x86_64=<CTMS.nsis.zip> --include <CTMS.dmg> --include <CTMS-installer.exe> --base-url <versioned-https-artifact-prefix> --output-dir <release-dir>
+npm run desktop:update-feed:check -- --feed <release-dir>/latest.json --artifacts-dir <release-dir> --require-platform windows-x86_64 --require-provenance
 ```

-The Desktop build must run on macOS for the current first-phase target. A signed
-or notarized public release additionally requires the Apple credentials defined
-by the release owner. A formal second-phase desktop release also requires the
-updater signing key; unsigned internal builds are not formal distributions.
+The macOS and Windows builds run in their native CI jobs and always use the same
+updater signing key. In the default path, macOS requires Apple
+signing/notarization credentials and Windows requires the PFX/password and
+timestamp URL. In the approved v0.1.0 exception, macOS must verify
+`Signature=adhoc`, Windows must verify `NotSigned`, and both must carry explicit
+platform-trust warnings. Native artifacts are aggregated only after both jobs
+and the combined updater feed pass.
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 VITE_RUNTIME_ENV=production
 VITE_ALLOW_INSECURE_DEV_LOGIN=false
 VITE_DEV_API_PROXY_TARGET=http://backend:8000
+# Default CTMS origin embedded in Desktop builds; users can override it in Desktop settings.
+VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL=https://ctms.example.com
 # Set to 8888 when Vite HMR is accessed through the Docker nginx dev entry.
 VITE_HMR_CLIENT_PORT=
 VITE_STARTUP_SUBMIT_ACCEPT_TIMEOUT_MONTHS=3
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "schemaVersion": 1,
+  "defaultPlatformSigningMode": "signed",
+  "updaterSigningRequired": true,
+  "unsignedPlatformExceptions": [
+    {
+      "version": "0.1.0",
+      "status": "approved",
+      "macos": "ad-hoc",
+      "windows": "unsigned",
+      "distribution": "controlled",
+      "macosLocalExactTagFallback": true,
+      "windowsDelivery": "deferred-same-tag",
+      "updaterFeedActivation": "after-combined-platform-verification",
+      "approvedOn": "2026-07-17",
+      "reason": "The v0.1.0 release owner cannot currently provide Apple Developer signing/notarization credentials or an organization Windows code-signing certificate, and hosted Windows build capacity is temporarily unavailable."
+    }
+  ]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+CTMS DESKTOP PLATFORM SIGNING WARNING
+
+This release is distributed under the version-scoped v0.1.0 platform-signing exception.
+
+- The macOS application uses an ad-hoc signature and is not Apple-notarized.
+- The Windows application and installer have no Authenticode signature or RFC 3161 timestamp.
+- macOS Gatekeeper and Windows SmartScreen warnings are expected.
+- Tauri updater artifacts remain cryptographically signed and must pass updater feed verification.
+- Platform availability may be staged; production latest.json remains withheld until macOS and Windows artifacts from the same tag pass combined verification.
+- Install only after verifying the release tag, source commit, SHA256SUMS.txt, and DESKTOP-RELEASE-PROVENANCE.json through a trusted channel.
+
+This exception does not apply to later versions unless they are separately approved in desktop-release-policy.json.
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+CTMS v0.1.0 WINDOWS RELEASE PENDING
+
+This GitHub Release is the approved first stage of the v0.1.0 Desktop distribution.
+
+- macOS Universal artifacts are available and use an ad-hoc platform signature.
+- Windows x64 NSIS artifacts are not yet available.
+- Windows must later be built from the same immutable v0.1.0 tag and Git commit.
+- Production latest.json is intentionally withheld until Windows NotSigned artifacts and the combined updater feed pass verification.
+- Do not interpret this staged release as a complete cross-platform automatic-update release.
@@ -1001,9 +1001,9 @@
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi/-/rollup-android-arm-eabi-4.53.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-iDGS/h7D8t7tvZ1t6+WPK04KD0MwzLZrG0se1hzBjSi5fyxlsiggoJHwh18PCFNn7tG43OWb6pdZ6Y+rMlmyNQ==",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi/-/rollup-android-arm-eabi-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-6o7ZLZK+BeenkZCFNDXqpbjw9bD6nuWonvS/lwQJp7NoVVxm6p3qE7qQ5jGuBjiFsgvqjD8mZAU5oWxTmbOeOg==",
      "cpu": [
        "arm"
      ],
@@ -1015,9 +1015,9 @@
      ]
    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-android-arm64": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-android-arm64/-/rollup-android-arm64-4.53.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-wrSAViWvZHBMMlWk6EJhvg8/rjxzyEhEdgfMMjREHEq11EtJ6IP6yfcCH57YAEca2Oe3FNCE9DSTgU70EIGmVw==",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-android-arm64/-/rollup-android-arm64-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-BaH7BllCACHoH1LguOU56UItGfUWjujlO65kS9LAodViaN4bwIKd7oeW/ZHJ/4ljr/7MIiENnNy3HJ0zXv8Zkw==",
      "cpu": [
        "arm64"
      ],
@@ -1028,10 +1028,24 @@
        "android"
      ]
    },
+    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64": {
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64/-/rollup-darwin-arm64-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-v39RCCvj4He82I9sFmk+M1VZ0PLM9sfsLVikjfx2hYBNALhrrOR2D3JjQA6AhlaSOgcR+RzrKY7e1+bT6SUO/A==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "arm64"
+      ],
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "darwin"
+      ]
+    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64/-/rollup-darwin-x64-4.53.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-YTbnsAaHo6VrAczISxgpTva8EkfQus0VPEVJCEaboHtZRIb6h6j0BNxRBOwnDciFTZLDPW5r+ZBmhL/+YpTZgA==",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64/-/rollup-darwin-x64-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-yl0y2vq3S3lHeuXhEdss6TWfKW8vkujImO12tn4ZkG/4oghr09LvdYm2RElVjokTQiUvDUGXLGsYeLqUMCKpGA==",
      "cpu": [
        "x64"
      ],
@@ -1043,9 +1057,9 @@
      ]
    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64/-/rollup-freebsd-arm64-4.53.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-1T8eY2J8rKJWzaznV7zedfdhD1BqVs1iqILhmHDq/bqCUZsrMt+j8VCTHhP0vdfbHK3e1IQ7VYx3jlKqwlf+vw==",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64/-/rollup-freebsd-arm64-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-tT4pvt4qXD+vEoezupCWi+a1F0vvDiksiHc+PxRlYTOH1I6/X4id9jPxTP+Fg+545euaFT1jJVs4CEdHZAU1vw==",
      "cpu": [
        "arm64"
      ],
@@ -1057,9 +1071,9 @@
      ]
    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64/-/rollup-freebsd-x64-4.53.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-sHTiuXyBJApxRn+VFMaw1U+Qsz4kcNlxQ742snICYPrY+DDL8/ZbaC4DVIB7vgZmp3jiDaKA0WpBdP0aqPJoBQ==",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64/-/rollup-freebsd-x64-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-6nU5F2wCW+qvCBhTn1pdIU3bzsIoF7EUwsCDRxilWGprQR6yd508YnH9+OKFCwpfS8pjZqDUmnCAr7exax0XCg==",
      "cpu": [
        "x64"
      ],
@@ -1071,13 +1085,16 @@
      ]
    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-gnueabihf": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-gnueabihf/-/rollup-linux-arm-gnueabihf-4.53.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-dV3T9MyAf0w8zPVLVBptVlzaXxka6xg1f16VAQmjg+4KMSTWDvhimI/Y6mp8oHwNrmnmVl9XxJ/w/mO4uIQONA==",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-gnueabihf/-/rollup-linux-arm-gnueabihf-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-n1GJHPOvpIfhi3TmrCeh6S6URt9BFCt0KQE3qvexyGCTAKpR4Lg+eWvNZEqu7epxwus/8ElT3hacYEucm49SZg==",
      "cpu": [
        "arm"
      ],
      "dev": true,
+      "libc": [
+        "glibc"
+      ],
      "license": "MIT",
      "optional": true,
      "os": [
@@ -1085,13 +1102,16 @@
      ]
    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-musleabihf": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-musleabihf/-/rollup-linux-arm-musleabihf-4.53.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-wIGYC1x/hyjP+KAu9+ewDI+fi5XSNiUi9Bvg6KGAh2TsNMA3tSEs+Sh6jJ/r4BV/bx/CyWu2ue9kDnIdRyafcQ==",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-musleabihf/-/rollup-linux-arm-musleabihf-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-JqgflS8wEB+UXV/vS1RpRbifGBeN4D5lz8D8oOFbFZw4vedvdOgCFAjfBmIMdW3yL10XpQQ0Ambepw6MXrhOnA==",
      "cpu": [
        "arm"
      ],
      "dev": true,
+      "libc": [
+        "musl"
+      ],
      "license": "MIT",
      "optional": true,
      "os": [
@@ -1099,13 +1119,16 @@
      ]
    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-gnu": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-gnu/-/rollup-linux-arm64-gnu-4.53.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-Y+qVA0D9d0y2FRNiG9oM3Hut/DgODZbU9I8pLLPwAsU0tUKZ49cyV1tzmB/qRbSzGvY8lpgGkJuMyuhH7Ma+Vg==",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-gnu/-/rollup-linux-arm64-gnu-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-wnFJkogWvN4jm/hQRF2UBaeUmk20j5+DmHvoyWii2b8HJDyvz1MF2OU/6ynXt2KR63rbZLWkFpoytpdc/yBuSA==",
      "cpu": [
        "arm64"
      ],
      "dev": true,
+      "libc": [
+        "glibc"
+      ],
      "license": "MIT",
      "optional": true,
      "os": [
@@ -1113,11 +1136,16 @@
      ]
    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-musl": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-musl/-/rollup-linux-arm64-musl-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-HVu2bp0zhvJ8xHEV9+UUs7S90VadmBSY3LcIMvozbPo4AuMGDWlz3ymHLHZPX4hR67TKTt8Qp5PJ5RBg/i+RMQ==",
      "cpu": [
        "arm64"
      ],
      "dev": true,
+      "libc": [
+        "musl"
+      ],
      "license": "MIT",
      "optional": true,
      "os": [
@@ -1125,13 +1153,33 @@
      ]
    },
    "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-linux-loong64-gnu": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-linux-loong64-gnu/-/rollup-linux-loong64-gnu-4.53.5.tgz",
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-        "follow-redirects": "^1.15.6",
-        "form-data": "^4.0.4",
-        "proxy-from-env": "^1.1.0"
+        "follow-redirects": "^1.16.0",
+        "form-data": "^4.0.5",
+        "https-proxy-agent": "^5.0.1",
+        "proxy-from-env": "^2.1.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/axios/node_modules/agent-base": {
+      "version": "6.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/agent-base/-/agent-base-6.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-RZNwNclF7+MS/8bDg70amg32dyeZGZxiDuQmZxKLAlQjr3jGyLx+4Kkk58UO7D2QdgFIQCovuSuZESne6RG6XQ==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "debug": "4"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 6.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/axios/node_modules/https-proxy-agent": {
+      "version": "5.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/https-proxy-agent/-/https-proxy-agent-5.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-dFcAjpTQFgoLMzC2VwU+C/CbS7uRL0lWmxDITmqm7C+7F0Odmj6s9l6alZc6AELXhrnggM2CeWSXHGOdX2YtwA==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "agent-base": "6",
+        "debug": "4"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 6"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/balanced-match": {
@@ -2181,7 +2308,6 @@
      "version": "4.4.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/debug/-/debug-4.4.3.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-RGwwWnwQvkVfavKVt22FGLw+xYSdzARwm0ru6DhTVA3umU5hZc28V3kO4stgYryrTlLpuvgI9GiijltAjNbcqA==",
-      "dev": true,
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "ms": "^2.1.3"
@@ -2239,21 +2365,15 @@
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/echarts": {
-      "version": "6.0.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/echarts/-/echarts-6.0.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-Tte/grDQRiETQP4xz3iZWSvoHrkCQtwqd6hs+mifXcjrCuo2iKWbajFObuLJVBlDIJlOzgQPd1hsaKt/3+OMkQ==",
+      "version": "6.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/echarts/-/echarts-6.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-q0yaFPggC9FUdsWH4blavRWFmxdrIodbkoKNAjJudAI6CA9gNPxHtV2RcZNEepZVlk4yvBYkOkbk6HIVpIyHZA==",
      "license": "Apache-2.0",
      "dependencies": {
        "tslib": "2.3.0",
-        "zrender": "6.0.0"
+        "zrender": "6.1.0"
      }
    },
-    "node_modules/echarts/node_modules/tslib": {
-      "version": "2.3.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tslib/-/tslib-2.3.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-N82ooyxVNm6h1riLCoyS9e3fuJ3AMG2zIZs2Gd1ATcSFjSA23Q0fzjjZeh0jbJvWVDZ0cJT8yaNNaaXHzueNjg==",
-      "license": "0BSD"
-    },
    "node_modules/editorconfig": {
      "version": "1.0.7",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/editorconfig/-/editorconfig-1.0.7.tgz",
@@ -2432,7 +2552,9 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/follow-redirects": {
-      "version": "1.15.11",
+      "version": "1.16.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/follow-redirects/-/follow-redirects-1.16.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-y5rN/uOsadFT/JfYwhxRS5R7Qce+g3zG97+JrtFZlC9klX/W5hD7iiLzScI4nZqUS7DNUdhPgw4xI8W2LuXlUw==",
      "funding": [
        {
          "type": "individual",
@@ -2467,14 +2589,16 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/form-data": {
-      "version": "4.0.5",
+      "version": "4.0.6",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/form-data/-/form-data-4.0.6.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-vKatAh4SlVfgbv+YtmhiRjhEMJsYpsG1Y2rMQtR+SVSbytsSD1YGzDIcrAJmdFec88u/+VoGmxnl+80gL1tRCQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "asynckit": "^0.4.0",
        "combined-stream": "^1.0.8",
        "es-set-tostringtag": "^2.1.0",
-        "hasown": "^2.0.2",
-        "mime-types": "^2.1.12"
+        "hasown": "^2.0.4",
+        "mime-types": "^2.1.35"
      },
      "engines": {
        "node": ">= 6"
@@ -2591,7 +2715,9 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/hasown": {
-      "version": "2.0.2",
+      "version": "2.0.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/hasown/-/hasown-2.0.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-T2UbfbBEF32wiepXIsMlTW9+dDYC6wMh/t/vYA4tuOMKqWz/n3vr1NFSxQiyP+zk2mXsoMA/i/7qV6LKut1t1A==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "function-bind": "^1.1.2"
@@ -2781,11 +2907,15 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/lodash": {
-      "version": "4.17.21",
+      "version": "4.18.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/lodash/-/lodash-4.18.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-dMInicTPVE8d1e5otfwmmjlxkZoUpiVLwyeTdUsi/Caj/gfzzblBcCE5sRHV/AsjuCmxWrte2TNGSYuCeCq+0Q==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/lodash-es": {
-      "version": "4.17.21",
+      "version": "4.18.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/lodash-es/-/lodash-es-4.18.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-J8xewKD/Gk22OZbhpOVSwcs60zhd95ESDwezOFuA3/099925PdHJ7OFHNTGtajL3AlZkykD32HykiMo+BIBI8A==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/lodash-unified": {
@@ -2876,7 +3006,6 @@
      "version": "2.1.3",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ms/-/ms-2.1.3.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-6FlzubTLZG3J2a/NVCAleEhjzq5oxgHyaCU9yYXvcLsvoVaHJq/s5xXI6/XXP6tz7R9xAOtHnSO/tXtF3WRTlA==",
-      "dev": true,
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/muggle-string": {
@@ -2887,7 +3016,9 @@
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/nanoid": {
-      "version": "3.3.11",
+      "version": "3.3.16",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/nanoid/-/nanoid-3.3.16.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-bzlKTyNJ7+LdGIIwy8ijFpIqEQIvafahV7eYykJ8Cvh42EdJeODoJ6gUJXpQJvej1BddH8OqTXZNE/KfbWAu8Q==",
      "funding": [
        {
          "type": "github",
@@ -3030,9 +3161,9 @@
      "license": "ISC"
    },
    "node_modules/picomatch": {
-      "version": "4.0.3",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/picomatch/-/picomatch-4.0.3.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-5gTmgEY/sqK6gFXLIsQNH19lWb4ebPDLA4SdLP7dsWkIXHWlG66oPuVvXSGFPppYZz8ZDZq0dYYrbHfBCVUb1Q==",
+      "version": "4.0.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/picomatch/-/picomatch-4.0.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-RvwwcruNjI1ncT5xRakeyS9Lf8lcItv34KD+aif+VH9kduAyfYBipGh12274xtenIPZ119/R9BdTBa8gAwSh0A==",
      "dev": true,
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
@@ -3063,7 +3194,9 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/postcss": {
-      "version": "8.5.6",
+      "version": "8.5.19",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/postcss/-/postcss-8.5.19.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Mz8SaolMd8nB+G13WkORcxQKHZ/NE4xXevtkJHVuG+guo9/wYKlIMTKAqGdEmYOXR2ijPjTYNHssizdaVSUNdQ==",
      "funding": [
        {
          "type": "opencollective",
@@ -3080,7 +3213,7 @@
      ],
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "nanoid": "^3.3.11",
+        "nanoid": "^3.3.12",
        "picocolors": "^1.1.1",
        "source-map-js": "^1.2.1"
      },
@@ -3096,8 +3229,13 @@
      "license": "ISC"
    },
    "node_modules/proxy-from-env": {
-      "version": "1.1.0",
-      "license": "MIT"
+      "version": "2.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/proxy-from-env/-/proxy-from-env-2.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-cJ+oHTW1VAEa8cJslgmUZrc+sjRKgAKl3Zyse6+PV38hZe/V6Z14TbCuXcan9F9ghlz4QrFr2c92TNF82UkYHA==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=10"
+      }
    },
    "node_modules/punycode": {
      "version": "2.3.1",
@@ -3110,11 +3248,13 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/rollup": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
+      "version": "4.62.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/rollup/-/rollup-4.62.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-RFnrW4lhXA3s3eqHDZvN654g8OTjzRfqpIRJYczCGB6HzphckVAi/Qh4tbPUbRuDi7s1Llv8g/NspLkttY3gTA==",
      "dev": true,
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@types/estree": "1.0.8"
+        "@types/estree": "1.0.9"
      },
      "bin": {
        "rollup": "dist/bin/rollup"
@@ -3124,45 +3264,34 @@
        "npm": ">=8.0.0"
      },
      "optionalDependencies": {
-        "@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-android-arm64": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-gnueabihf": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-musleabihf": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-gnu": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-musl": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-loong64-gnu": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-ppc64-gnu": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-riscv64-gnu": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-riscv64-musl": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-s390x-gnu": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-x64-gnu": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-linux-x64-musl": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-openharmony-arm64": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-win32-arm64-msvc": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-win32-ia32-msvc": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-gnu": "4.53.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-msvc": "4.53.5",
+        "@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-android-arm64": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-gnueabihf": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-musleabihf": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-gnu": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-musl": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-loong64-gnu": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-loong64-musl": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-ppc64-gnu": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-ppc64-musl": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-riscv64-gnu": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-riscv64-musl": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-s390x-gnu": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-x64-gnu": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-x64-musl": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-openbsd-x64": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-openharmony-arm64": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-win32-arm64-msvc": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-win32-ia32-msvc": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-gnu": "4.62.2",
+        "@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-msvc": "4.62.2",
        "fsevents": "~2.3.2"
      }
    },
-    "node_modules/rollup/node_modules/@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64": {
-      "version": "4.53.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64/-/rollup-darwin-arm64-4.53.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-S87zZPBmRO6u1YXQLwpveZm4JfPpAa6oHBX7/ghSiGH3rz/KDgAu1rKdGutV+WUI6tKDMbaBJomhnT30Y2t4VQ==",
-      "cpu": [
-        "arm64"
-      ],
-      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "optional": true,
-      "os": [
-        "darwin"
-      ]
-    },
    "node_modules/rrweb-cssom": {
      "version": "0.8.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/rrweb-cssom/-/rrweb-cssom-0.8.0.tgz",
@@ -3498,6 +3627,12 @@
        "node": ">=18"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/tslib": {
+      "version": "2.3.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tslib/-/tslib-2.3.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-N82ooyxVNm6h1riLCoyS9e3fuJ3AMG2zIZs2Gd1ATcSFjSA23Q0fzjjZeh0jbJvWVDZ0cJT8yaNNaaXHzueNjg==",
+      "license": "0BSD"
+    },
    "node_modules/typescript": {
      "version": "5.9.3",
      "devOptional": true,
@@ -3516,13 +3651,13 @@
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/vite": {
-      "version": "7.3.1",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vite/-/vite-7.3.1.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-w+N7Hifpc3gRjZ63vYBXA56dvvRlNWRczTdmCBBa+CotUzAPf5b7YMdMR/8CQoeYE5LX3W4wj6RYTgonm1b9DA==",
+      "version": "7.3.6",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vite/-/vite-7.3.6.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-4XP60spRGjSZFf1qYH+dJIkK2znL3zQfl9KkOV9MkkRR/3Dls0dxaBsQPTloEc5BLXWPL9vsOxopxyKoMmDueg==",
      "dev": true,
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "esbuild": "^0.27.0",
+        "esbuild": "^0.27.0 || ^0.28.0",
        "fdir": "^6.5.0",
        "picomatch": "^4.0.3",
        "postcss": "^8.5.6",
@@ -3614,20 +3749,20 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/vitest": {
-      "version": "3.2.4",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vitest/-/vitest-3.2.4.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-LUCP5ev3GURDysTWiP47wRRUpLKMOfPh+yKTx3kVIEiu5KOMeqzpnYNsKyOoVrULivR8tLcks4+lga33Whn90A==",
+      "version": "3.2.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vitest/-/vitest-3.2.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-KrxIJ62Fd89gfysR4WotlgZABiz2dqFPgqGzX7s+CwsqLFomRH7777ZcrOD6+WVAh7khPQP41A+BKbpcJFrdEg==",
      "dev": true,
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "@types/chai": "^5.2.2",
-        "@vitest/expect": "3.2.4",
-        "@vitest/mocker": "3.2.4",
-        "@vitest/pretty-format": "^3.2.4",
-        "@vitest/runner": "3.2.4",
-        "@vitest/snapshot": "3.2.4",
-        "@vitest/spy": "3.2.4",
-        "@vitest/utils": "3.2.4",
+        "@vitest/expect": "3.2.7",
+        "@vitest/mocker": "3.2.7",
+        "@vitest/pretty-format": "^3.2.7",
+        "@vitest/runner": "3.2.7",
+        "@vitest/snapshot": "3.2.7",
+        "@vitest/spy": "3.2.7",
+        "@vitest/utils": "3.2.7",
        "chai": "^5.2.0",
        "debug": "^4.4.1",
        "expect-type": "^1.2.1",
@@ -3657,8 +3792,8 @@
        "@edge-runtime/vm": "*",
        "@types/debug": "^4.1.12",
        "@types/node": "^18.0.0 || ^20.0.0 || >=22.0.0",
-        "@vitest/browser": "3.2.4",
-        "@vitest/ui": "3.2.4",
+        "@vitest/browser": "3.2.7",
+        "@vitest/ui": "3.2.7",
        "happy-dom": "*",
        "jsdom": "*"
      },
@@ -3976,9 +4111,9 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/ws": {
-      "version": "8.19.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ws/-/ws-8.19.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-blAT2mjOEIi0ZzruJfIhb3nps74PRWTCz1IjglWEEpQl5XS/UNama6u2/rjFkDDouqr4L67ry+1aGIALViWjDg==",
+      "version": "8.21.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ws/-/ws-8.21.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-+0NTnW77fFN/DjQi6k/Sq/Yvk4Sgajw7urW8V+asjXnRgDs9gyGkdb7EzgfhA4goXsRIZKE28fzIXBHEzhuiWw==",
      "dev": true,
      "license": "MIT",
      "engines": {
@@ -4015,19 +4150,13 @@
      "license": "MIT"
    },
    "node_modules/zrender": {
-      "version": "6.0.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/zrender/-/zrender-6.0.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-41dFXEEXuJpNecuUQq6JlbybmnHaqqpGlbH1yxnA5V9MMP4SbohSVZsJIwz+zdjQXSSlR1Vc34EgH1zxyTDvhg==",
+      "version": "6.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/zrender/-/zrender-6.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-oEGMDB6pOP2S6OwRR4PdVv610zrjnA3Bh+JnSG12fYJlBKjtNAoEb5fSUoCOOINlH96I2fU38/A2UpRKs67xYQ==",
      "license": "BSD-3-Clause",
      "dependencies": {
        "tslib": "2.3.0"
      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/zrender/node_modules/tslib": {
-      "version": "2.3.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tslib/-/tslib-2.3.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-N82ooyxVNm6h1riLCoyS9e3fuJ3AMG2zIZs2Gd1ATcSFjSA23Q0fzjjZeh0jbJvWVDZ0cJT8yaNNaaXHzueNjg==",
-      "license": "0BSD"
    }
  }
 }
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@
    "desktop:build": "tauri build",
    "desktop:build:app": "tauri build --config '{\"bundle\":{\"createUpdaterArtifacts\":false}}' --bundles app",
    "desktop:build:macos-release": "tauri build --target universal-apple-darwin --bundles app,dmg",
+    "desktop:build:macos-unsigned-release": "tauri build --target universal-apple-darwin --bundles app,dmg --config '{\"bundle\":{\"macOS\":{\"signingIdentity\":\"-\"}}}'",
+    "desktop:build:windows-release": "tauri build --bundles nsis",
+    "desktop:release-policy:check": "node scripts/resolve-desktop-release-policy.mjs",
+    "desktop:release-provenance:create": "node scripts/create-desktop-release-provenance.mjs",
    "desktop:update-feed:create": "node scripts/create-desktop-update-feed.mjs",
    "desktop:bundle:dmg": "tauri build --bundles dmg",
    "desktop:update-feed:check": "node scripts/verify-desktop-update-feed.mjs",
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import { mkdir, readFile, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { dirname, resolve } from "node:path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { loadDesktopReleasePolicy, resolveDesktopReleasePolicy } from "./desktop-release-policy.mjs";
+
+const frontendDir = fileURLToPath(new URL("../", import.meta.url));
+const packageInfo = JSON.parse(await readFile(resolve(frontendDir, "package.json"), "utf8"));
+const args = process.argv.slice(2);
+const value = (name) => {
+  const index = args.indexOf(name);
+  return index >= 0 ? args[index + 1] : undefined;
+};
+
+const policy = await loadDesktopReleasePolicy();
+const resolution = resolveDesktopReleasePolicy(packageInfo.version, policy);
+const tag = value("--tag") || process.env.GITHUB_REF_NAME;
+const commit = value("--commit") || process.env.GITHUB_SHA;
+const macosSigning = value("--macos-signing");
+const windowsSigning = value("--windows-signing");
+const releaseStage = value("--stage") || "complete";
+const outputPath = resolve(
+  frontendDir,
+  value("--output") || "src-tauri/target/desktop-release-feed/DESKTOP-RELEASE-PROVENANCE.json",
+);
+
+const failures = [];
+const assert = (condition, message) => {
+  if (!condition) failures.push(message);
+};
+
+assert(tag === `v${packageInfo.version}`, `Release provenance tag must be v${packageInfo.version}.`);
+assert(/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/i.test(commit || ""), "Release provenance commit must be a full 40-character SHA.");
+assert(macosSigning === resolution.macosSigning, `macOS signing mode must be ${resolution.macosSigning}.`);
+assert(windowsSigning === resolution.windowsSigning, `Windows signing mode must be ${resolution.windowsSigning}.`);
+assert(["complete", "macos-first"].includes(releaseStage), "Release provenance stage must be complete or macos-first.");
+if (releaseStage === "macos-first") {
+  assert(
+    resolution.macosLocalExactTagFallback === true && resolution.windowsDelivery === "deferred-same-tag",
+    `v${packageInfo.version} does not approve a staged local macOS-first release.`,
+  );
+}
+
+if (failures.length > 0) {
+  throw new Error(`Desktop release provenance creation failed:\n${failures.map((item) => `  - ${item}`).join("\n")}`);
+}
+
+const provenance = {
+  schemaVersion: 1,
+  product: "CTMS Desktop",
+  version: packageInfo.version,
+  tag,
+  commit,
+  platformSigningMode: resolution.platformSigningMode,
+  platformSigning: {
+    macos: macosSigning,
+    windows: windowsSigning,
+  },
+  updaterSigning: "required-and-verified",
+  artifactLabel: resolution.artifactLabel,
+  distribution: resolution.distribution,
+  stage: releaseStage,
+  platformAvailability:
+    releaseStage === "macos-first"
+      ? { macos: "available", windows: "pending-same-tag" }
+      : { macos: "available", windows: "available" },
+  updaterFeedActivation:
+    releaseStage === "macos-first" ? "withheld-pending-combined-verification" : "combined-platform-verification-required",
+  warnings: resolution.warningRequired
+    ? [
+        "macOS is ad-hoc signed and not Apple-notarized; Gatekeeper warnings are expected.",
+        "Windows is not Authenticode-signed or RFC 3161 timestamped; SmartScreen warnings are expected.",
+        "Verify the release tag, commit, updater signatures, and SHA256SUMS.txt through a trusted channel before installation.",
+      ]
+    : [],
+};
+
+await mkdir(dirname(outputPath), { recursive: true });
+await writeFile(outputPath, `${JSON.stringify(provenance, null, 2)}\n`);
+console.log(`Desktop release provenance created at ${outputPath}`);
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import { copyFile, mkdir, readFile, stat, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { basename, resolve } from "node:path";
-import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";

 const frontendDir = fileURLToPath(new URL("../", import.meta.url));
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ const assert = (condition, message) => {
  if (!condition) fail(message);
 };

-const artifactPath = value("--artifact") || process.env.DESKTOP_UPDATE_ARTIFACT;
+const macosArtifactPath = value("--artifact") || process.env.DESKTOP_UPDATE_ARTIFACT;
 const outputDir = resolve(
  frontendDir,
  value("--output-dir") || process.env.DESKTOP_UPDATE_OUTPUT_DIR || "src-tauri/target/release/desktop-update-feed",
@@ -34,18 +34,40 @@ const baseUrlRaw = value("--base-url") || process.env.DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL;
 const pubDate = value("--date") || process.env.DESKTOP_UPDATE_PUB_DATE || new Date().toISOString();
 const notes = value("--notes") || process.env.DESKTOP_UPDATE_NOTES;
 const includes = values("--include").map((path) => resolve(frontendDir, path));
+const platformArtifactSpecs = values("--platform-artifact");
+const platformPattern = /^(?:darwin|windows|linux)-(?:x86_64|aarch64|i686|armv7)$/;

-assert(Boolean(artifactPath), "--artifact or DESKTOP_UPDATE_ARTIFACT is required.");
+assert(Boolean(macosArtifactPath), "--artifact or DESKTOP_UPDATE_ARTIFACT is required for the Universal macOS updater artifact.");
 assert(Boolean(baseUrlRaw), "--base-url or DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL is required.");

-const resolvedArtifactPath = artifactPath ? resolve(frontendDir, artifactPath) : undefined;
-const artifactName = resolvedArtifactPath ? basename(resolvedArtifactPath) : undefined;
-const signaturePath = resolvedArtifactPath ? `${resolvedArtifactPath}.sig` : undefined;
-const uploadFiles = [];
+const platformArtifacts = new Map();
+if (macosArtifactPath) {
+  const resolvedMacosArtifact = resolve(frontendDir, macosArtifactPath);
+  platformArtifacts.set("darwin-aarch64", resolvedMacosArtifact);
+  platformArtifacts.set("darwin-x86_64", resolvedMacosArtifact);
+}
+
+for (const spec of platformArtifactSpecs) {
+  const separator = spec.indexOf("=");
+  if (separator <= 0 || separator === spec.length - 1) {
+    fail(`--platform-artifact must use <os>-<arch>=<path>: ${spec}`);
+    continue;
+  }
+
+  const platform = spec.slice(0, separator);
+  const path = spec.slice(separator + 1);
+  assert(platformPattern.test(platform), `Unsupported updater platform key: ${platform}`);
+  assert(!platformArtifacts.has(platform), `Updater platform is configured more than once: ${platform}`);
+  if (platformPattern.test(platform) && !platformArtifacts.has(platform)) {
+    platformArtifacts.set(platform, resolve(frontendDir, path));
+  }
+}

 const readRequiredFile = async (path, description) => {
  try {
-    return await readFile(path);
+    const data = await readFile(path);
+    assert(data.length > 0, `${description} must not be empty: ${path}`);
+    return data;
  } catch (error) {
    fail(`${description} cannot be read: ${path} (${error.message})`);
    return undefined;
@@ -72,20 +94,16 @@ const normalizedBaseUrl = () => {
  }
 };

-const copyIntoOutput = async (sourcePath) => {
-  const destination = resolve(outputDir, basename(sourcePath));
-  if (sourcePath !== destination) {
-    await copyFile(sourcePath, destination);
-  }
-  return destination;
-};
-
-if (resolvedArtifactPath && signaturePath) {
-  await readRequiredFile(resolvedArtifactPath, "Updater artifact");
+const artifactSignatures = new Map();
+const uniqueArtifactPaths = [...new Set(platformArtifacts.values())];
+for (const artifactPath of uniqueArtifactPaths) {
+  const signaturePath = `${artifactPath}.sig`;
+  await readRequiredFile(artifactPath, "Updater artifact");
  const signature = await readRequiredFile(signaturePath, "Updater artifact signature");
  if (signature) {
    const signatureText = signature.toString("utf8").trim();
-    assert(signatureText.length > 80, "Updater artifact signature is unexpectedly short.");
+    assert(signatureText.length > 80, `Updater artifact signature is unexpectedly short: ${signaturePath}`);
+    artifactSignatures.set(artifactPath, signatureText);
  }
 }

@@ -98,56 +116,75 @@ for (const includePath of includes) {
  }
 }

+for (const [platform, artifactPath] of platformArtifacts) {
+  if (platform.startsWith("darwin-")) {
+    assert(artifactPath.endsWith(".app.tar.gz"), `${platform} must use a macOS .app.tar.gz updater artifact.`);
+  }
+  if (platform === "windows-x86_64") {
+    assert(artifactPath.endsWith(".nsis.zip"), "windows-x86_64 must use an NSIS .nsis.zip updater artifact.");
+  }
+}
+
+const uploadSources = [
+  ...uniqueArtifactPaths.flatMap((path) => [path, `${path}.sig`]),
+  ...includes,
+];
+const sourceByName = new Map();
+for (const sourcePath of uploadSources) {
+  const name = basename(sourcePath);
+  const existing = sourceByName.get(name);
+  assert(!existing || existing === sourcePath, `Release files must have unique basenames: ${name}`);
+  sourceByName.set(name, sourcePath);
+}
+
 const baseUrl = normalizedBaseUrl();

-if (failures.length === 0 && resolvedArtifactPath && signaturePath && artifactName && baseUrl) {
+if (failures.length === 0 && baseUrl) {
  await mkdir(outputDir, { recursive: true });

-  const artifactUrl = new URL(artifactName, baseUrl).toString();
-  assert(!artifactUrl.endsWith("/latest.json"), "Updater artifact URL must not point at latest.json.");
-  assert(!/[?&]token=/i.test(new URL(artifactUrl).search), "Updater artifact URL must not include token query parameters.");
+  const platforms = {};
+  for (const [platform, artifactPath] of platformArtifacts) {
+    const artifactUrl = new URL(basename(artifactPath), baseUrl).toString();
+    assert(!artifactUrl.endsWith("/latest.json"), "Updater artifact URL must not point at latest.json.");
+    assert(!/[?&]token=/i.test(new URL(artifactUrl).search), "Updater artifact URL must not include token query parameters.");
+    platforms[platform] = {
+      signature: artifactSignatures.get(artifactPath),
+      url: artifactUrl,
+    };
+  }

-  const signature = (await readFile(signaturePath, "utf8")).trim();
  const latest = {
    version: packageInfo.version,
    pub_date: pubDate,
-    platforms: {
-      "darwin-aarch64": {
-        signature,
-        url: artifactUrl,
-      },
-      "darwin-x86_64": {
-        signature,
-        url: artifactUrl,
-      },
-    },
+    platforms,
  };
-
  if (notes) {
    latest.notes = notes;
  }

-  uploadFiles.push(await copyIntoOutput(resolvedArtifactPath));
-  uploadFiles.push(await copyIntoOutput(signaturePath));
-  for (const includePath of includes) {
-    uploadFiles.push(await copyIntoOutput(includePath));
+  const copiedFiles = [];
+  for (const sourcePath of sourceByName.values()) {
+    const destination = resolve(outputDir, basename(sourcePath));
+    if (sourcePath !== destination) {
+      await copyFile(sourcePath, destination);
+    }
+    copiedFiles.push(destination);
  }

  const latestPath = resolve(outputDir, "latest.json");
  await writeFile(latestPath, `${JSON.stringify(latest, null, 2)}\n`);
-  uploadFiles.push(latestPath);
+  copiedFiles.push(latestPath);

-  const uniqueFiles = [...new Map(uploadFiles.map((path) => [basename(path), path])).values()];
  const checksumLines = [];
-  for (const filePath of uniqueFiles) {
+  for (const filePath of copiedFiles) {
    checksumLines.push(`${await sha256(filePath)}  ${basename(filePath)}`);
  }
  const checksumPath = resolve(outputDir, "SHA256SUMS.txt");
  await writeFile(checksumPath, `${checksumLines.join("\n")}\n`);

  console.log(`Desktop update feed created in ${outputDir}`);
-  console.log(`  - ${uniqueFiles.map((path) => basename(path)).join("\n  - ")}`);
-  console.log(`  - SHA256SUMS.txt`);
+  console.log(`  - ${copiedFiles.map((path) => basename(path)).join("\n  - ")}`);
+  console.log("  - SHA256SUMS.txt");
 }

 if (failures.length > 0) {
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import { readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { resolve } from "node:path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+
+const frontendDir = fileURLToPath(new URL("../", import.meta.url));
+export const desktopReleasePolicyPath = resolve(frontendDir, "desktop-release-policy.json");
+
+const semverPattern = /^(?:0|[1-9]\d*)\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*)\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*)$/;
+
+const validatePolicy = (policy) => {
+  const failures = [];
+  const assert = (condition, message) => {
+    if (!condition) failures.push(message);
+  };
+
+  assert(policy?.schemaVersion === 1, "desktop release policy schemaVersion must be 1.");
+  assert(
+    policy?.defaultPlatformSigningMode === "signed",
+    "desktop release policy must default platform signing to signed.",
+  );
+  assert(policy?.updaterSigningRequired === true, "desktop release policy must always require updater signing.");
+  assert(
+    Array.isArray(policy?.unsignedPlatformExceptions),
+    "desktop release policy unsignedPlatformExceptions must be an array.",
+  );
+
+  const versions = new Set();
+  for (const exception of policy?.unsignedPlatformExceptions || []) {
+    const prefix = `unsigned platform exception ${exception?.version || "<missing>"}`;
+    assert(semverPattern.test(exception?.version || ""), `${prefix} must use an exact X.Y.Z version.`);
+    assert(!versions.has(exception?.version), `${prefix} is duplicated.`);
+    versions.add(exception?.version);
+    assert(exception?.status === "approved", `${prefix} must have status approved.`);
+    assert(exception?.macos === "ad-hoc", `${prefix} must constrain macOS to ad-hoc signing.`);
+    assert(exception?.windows === "unsigned", `${prefix} must constrain Windows to unsigned.`);
+    assert(exception?.distribution === "controlled", `${prefix} must constrain distribution to controlled.`);
+    if (exception?.version === "0.1.0") {
+      assert(exception?.macosLocalExactTagFallback === true, `${prefix} must explicitly approve the local exact-tag macOS fallback.`);
+      assert(exception?.windowsDelivery === "deferred-same-tag", `${prefix} must defer Windows only from the same tag.`);
+      assert(
+        exception?.updaterFeedActivation === "after-combined-platform-verification",
+        `${prefix} must withhold the production updater feed until both platforms are verified.`,
+      );
+    }
+    assert(/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/.test(exception?.approvedOn || ""), `${prefix} must record an approval date.`);
+    assert(
+      typeof exception?.reason === "string" && exception.reason.trim().length >= 30,
+      `${prefix} must record a substantive reason.`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (failures.length > 0) {
+    throw new Error(failures.join("\n"));
+  }
+};
+
+export const loadDesktopReleasePolicy = async () => {
+  const policy = JSON.parse(await readFile(desktopReleasePolicyPath, "utf8"));
+  validatePolicy(policy);
+  return policy;
+};
+
+export const resolveDesktopReleasePolicy = (version, policy) => {
+  if (!semverPattern.test(version || "")) {
+    throw new Error(`Desktop release version must use exact X.Y.Z semver; found ${version || "<missing>"}.`);
+  }
+
+  const exception = policy.unsignedPlatformExceptions.find(
+    (candidate) => candidate.version === version && candidate.status === "approved",
+  );
+
+  if (!exception) {
+    return {
+      version,
+      platformSigningMode: "signed",
+      macosSigning: "apple-developer",
+      windowsSigning: "authenticode",
+      artifactLabel: "SIGNED-PLATFORM",
+      distribution: "formal",
+      warningRequired: false,
+    };
+  }
+
+  return {
+    version,
+    platformSigningMode: "unsigned-exception",
+    macosSigning: exception.macos,
+    windowsSigning: exception.windows,
+    artifactLabel: "UNSIGNED-PLATFORM",
+    distribution: exception.distribution,
+    warningRequired: true,
+    macosLocalExactTagFallback: exception.macosLocalExactTagFallback === true,
+    windowsDelivery: exception.windowsDelivery,
+    updaterFeedActivation: exception.updaterFeedActivation,
+    exception,
+  };
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import { appendFile, readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { resolve } from "node:path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { loadDesktopReleasePolicy, resolveDesktopReleasePolicy } from "./desktop-release-policy.mjs";
+
+const frontendDir = fileURLToPath(new URL("../", import.meta.url));
+const packageInfo = JSON.parse(await readFile(resolve(frontendDir, "package.json"), "utf8"));
+const args = process.argv.slice(2);
+const value = (name) => {
+  const index = args.indexOf(name);
+  return index >= 0 ? args[index + 1] : undefined;
+};
+
+const policy = await loadDesktopReleasePolicy();
+const resolution = resolveDesktopReleasePolicy(packageInfo.version, policy);
+const expectedTag = `v${packageInfo.version}`;
+
+if (args.includes("--require-tag")) {
+  if (process.env.GITHUB_REF_TYPE !== "tag" || process.env.GITHUB_REF_NAME !== expectedTag) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Desktop release policy must be resolved from tag ${expectedTag}; found ${process.env.GITHUB_REF_TYPE || "<missing>"} ${process.env.GITHUB_REF_NAME || "<missing>"}.`,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+const outputs = {
+  version: resolution.version,
+  platform_signing_mode: resolution.platformSigningMode,
+  macos_signing: resolution.macosSigning,
+  windows_signing: resolution.windowsSigning,
+  artifact_label: resolution.artifactLabel,
+  distribution: resolution.distribution,
+  warning_required: String(resolution.warningRequired),
+  updater_signing_required: String(policy.updaterSigningRequired),
+};
+
+const githubOutput = value("--github-output");
+if (githubOutput) {
+  await appendFile(githubOutput, `${Object.entries(outputs).map(([key, output]) => `${key}=${output}`).join("\n")}\n`);
+}
+
+console.log("Desktop release policy check passed.");
+console.log(`  version: ${resolution.version}`);
+console.log(`  platform signing mode: ${resolution.platformSigningMode}`);
+console.log(`  macOS: ${resolution.macosSigning}`);
+console.log(`  Windows: ${resolution.windowsSigning}`);
+console.log("  updater signing: required");
@@ -2,22 +2,27 @@ import { execFileSync } from "node:child_process";
 import { readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { resolve } from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { loadDesktopReleasePolicy, resolveDesktopReleasePolicy } from "./desktop-release-policy.mjs";

 const frontendDir = fileURLToPath(new URL("../", import.meta.url));
 const rootDir = resolve(frontendDir, "..");
 const packageInfo = JSON.parse(await readFile(resolve(frontendDir, "package.json"), "utf8"));
+const desktopReleasePolicy = await loadDesktopReleasePolicy();
+const desktopReleaseResolution = resolveDesktopReleasePolicy(packageInfo.version, desktopReleasePolicy);
 const failures = [];

 const env = process.env;
 const fullShaPattern = /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/i;
 const expectedTag = `v${packageInfo.version}`;
-const requiredSecretLikeEnv = [
-  "TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY",
-  "TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD",
-  "APPLE_ID",
-  "APPLE_PASSWORD",
-  "APPLE_TEAM_ID",
-];
+const requiresMacosSigning = env.REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING === "true";
+const requiresWindowsSigning = env.REQUIRE_WINDOWS_SIGNING === "true";
+const requiresUpdaterSigning = env.REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING === "true";
+const allowsUnsignedPlatformRelease = env.ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE === "true";
+const desktopPlatformSigningMode = env.DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE;
+const desktopReleasePlatform = env.DESKTOP_RELEASE_PLATFORM;
+const requiredUpdaterEnv = ["TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY", "TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD"];
+const requiredMacosEnv = ["APPLE_ID", "APPLE_PASSWORD", "APPLE_TEAM_ID"];
+const requiredWindowsEnv = ["WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE", "WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD"];

 const fail = (message) => failures.push(message);
 const assert = (condition, message) => {
@@ -40,7 +45,7 @@ const gitMaybe = (args) => {
 };

 const requireEnv = (name) => {
-  assert(Boolean(env[name]), `${name} must be configured for signed desktop release readiness.`);
+  assert(Boolean(env[name]), `${name} must be configured for desktop release readiness.`);
 };

 const validateBaseUrl = () => {
@@ -65,6 +70,43 @@ const validateBaseUrl = () => {
  );
 };

+const validateClientServerUrl = () => {
+  const raw = env.VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL;
+  requireEnv("VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL");
+  if (!raw) return;
+
+  let url;
+  try {
+    url = new URL(raw);
+  } catch (error) {
+    fail(`VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL is invalid: ${error.message}`);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(url.protocol === "https:", "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL must use HTTPS.");
+  assert(url.username === "" && url.password === "", "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL must not include credentials.");
+  assert(url.pathname === "/", "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL must be an origin without a path.");
+  assert(url.search === "" && url.hash === "", "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL must not include query parameters or fragments.");
+};
+
+const validateWindowsTimestampUrl = () => {
+  const raw = env.WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL;
+  requireEnv("WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL");
+  if (!raw) return;
+
+  let url;
+  try {
+    url = new URL(raw);
+  } catch (error) {
+    fail(`WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL is invalid: ${error.message}`);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(["http:", "https:"].includes(url.protocol), "WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL must use HTTP or HTTPS.");
+  assert(url.username === "" && url.password === "", "WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL must not include credentials.");
+  assert(!/[?&]token=/i.test(url.search), "WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL must not include token query parameters.");
+};
+
 const headSha = gitMaybe(["rev-parse", "HEAD"]);
 const exactTag = gitMaybe(["describe", "--tags", "--exact-match", "HEAD"]);
 const status = gitMaybe(["status", "--porcelain"]);
@@ -79,19 +121,78 @@ if (headSha && env.VITE_BUILD_COMMIT) {
  assert(env.VITE_BUILD_COMMIT === headSha, "VITE_BUILD_COMMIT must match the current release commit.");
 }

-for (const name of requiredSecretLikeEnv) {
+assert(
+  !(requiresMacosSigning && requiresWindowsSigning),
+  "macOS and Windows signing readiness must be checked in their native jobs.",
+);
+assert(
+  desktopReleasePlatform === "macos" || desktopReleasePlatform === "windows",
+  "DESKTOP_RELEASE_PLATFORM must be macos or windows.",
+);
+assert(
+  desktopPlatformSigningMode === desktopReleaseResolution.platformSigningMode,
+  `DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE must be ${desktopReleaseResolution.platformSigningMode} for v${packageInfo.version}.`,
+);
+assert(
+  desktopReleasePolicy.updaterSigningRequired === true && requiresUpdaterSigning,
+  "Release readiness requires REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING=true; updater signing cannot be disabled.",
+);
+
+for (const name of requiredUpdaterEnv) {
  requireEnv(name);
 }

-assert(
-  Boolean(env.APPLE_CERTIFICATE || env.APPLE_SIGNING_IDENTITY),
-  "APPLE_CERTIFICATE or APPLE_SIGNING_IDENTITY must be configured for macOS signing.",
-);
-if (env.APPLE_CERTIFICATE) {
-  requireEnv("APPLE_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD");
+if (desktopPlatformSigningMode === "signed") {
+  assert(!allowsUnsignedPlatformRelease, "Signed releases must not enable ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE.");
+  assert(
+    (desktopReleasePlatform === "macos" && requiresMacosSigning && !requiresWindowsSigning) ||
+      (desktopReleasePlatform === "windows" && requiresWindowsSigning && !requiresMacosSigning),
+    "Signed readiness must enable only the matching native platform signing requirement.",
+  );
+}
+
+if (desktopPlatformSigningMode === "unsigned-exception") {
+  assert(
+    desktopReleaseResolution.platformSigningMode === "unsigned-exception",
+    `v${packageInfo.version} has no approved unsigned platform release exception.`,
+  );
+  assert(allowsUnsignedPlatformRelease, "The approved exception requires ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE=true.");
+  assert(
+    !requiresMacosSigning && !requiresWindowsSigning,
+    "Unsigned platform readiness must not claim Apple or Windows platform signing.",
+  );
+  if (desktopReleasePlatform === "macos") {
+    assert(process.platform === "darwin", "The macOS ad-hoc readiness check must run on macOS.");
+  }
+  if (desktopReleasePlatform === "windows") {
+    assert(process.platform === "win32", "The unsigned Windows readiness check must run on Windows.");
+  }
+}
+
+if (requiresMacosSigning) {
+  assert(process.platform === "darwin", "Signed macOS desktop release readiness must run on macOS.");
+  for (const name of requiredMacosEnv) {
+    requireEnv(name);
+  }
+  assert(
+    Boolean(env.APPLE_CERTIFICATE || env.APPLE_SIGNING_IDENTITY),
+    "APPLE_CERTIFICATE or APPLE_SIGNING_IDENTITY must be configured for macOS signing.",
+  );
+  if (env.APPLE_CERTIFICATE) {
+    requireEnv("APPLE_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD");
+  }
+}
+
+if (requiresWindowsSigning) {
+  assert(process.platform === "win32", "Signed Windows desktop release readiness must run on Windows.");
+  for (const name of requiredWindowsEnv) {
+    requireEnv(name);
+  }
+  validateWindowsTimestampUrl();
 }

 validateBaseUrl();
+validateClientServerUrl();

 if (failures.length > 0) {
  console.error(`Desktop release readiness check failed:\n${failures.map((item) => `  - ${item}`).join("\n")}`);
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ const verifyTauriConfig = async () => {
  assert(targetList.includes("dmg"), "Tauri bundle targets must include dmg for macOS distribution.");
  assert(
    tauriConfig.bundle?.createUpdaterArtifacts === true,
-    "Tauri must create updater artifacts for signed desktop release builds.",
+    "Tauri must create signed updater artifacts for formal desktop release builds.",
  );
  assert(
    typeof tauriConfig.plugins?.updater?.pubkey === "string" && tauriConfig.plugins.updater.pubkey.length > 80,
@@ -387,11 +387,28 @@ const verifyUpdaterBoundary = async () => {
  assert(source.includes("server origin must not include credentials"), "Desktop updater must reject server origins that include credentials.");
 };

+const verifyDesktopServerConfigurationBoundary = async () => {
+  const source = await readFile(resolve(sourceDir, "runtime/desktopServerConfig.ts"), "utf8");
+  assert(
+    source.includes("import.meta.env.VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL"),
+    "Desktop server defaults must come from VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL.",
+  );
+  assert(!source.includes("ctms.huapont.cn"), "The production CTMS origin must not be hard-coded in Desktop runtime source.");
+  assert(
+    source.includes("getStoredDesktopServerUrl() || getDefaultDesktopServerUrl()"),
+    "A manually stored Desktop server URL must override the build-time default.",
+  );
+};
+
 const verifyWorkflowGates = async () => {
  const packageInfo = await readJson(resolve(frontendDir, "package.json"));
  assert(packageInfo.engines?.node === ">=22.13.0", "package.json must require Node.js >=22.13.0.");
  const requiredScripts = [
    "desktop:build:macos-release",
+    "desktop:build:macos-unsigned-release",
+    "desktop:build:windows-release",
+    "desktop:release-policy:check",
+    "desktop:release-provenance:create",
    "desktop:update-feed:create",
    "desktop:update-feed:check",
    "desktop:release-readiness:check",
@@ -402,6 +419,44 @@ const verifyWorkflowGates = async () => {
    assert(Boolean(packageInfo.scripts?.[script]), `package.json must define ${script}.`);
  }

+  const provenanceSource = await readFile(resolve(frontendDir, "scripts/create-desktop-release-provenance.mjs"), "utf8");
+  assert(provenanceSource.includes('"macos-first"'), "Release provenance must support the approved v0.1.0 macOS-first stage.");
+  assert(
+    provenanceSource.includes("withheld-pending-combined-verification"),
+    "Staged macOS provenance must record that updater feed activation is withheld.",
+  );
+  const windowsPendingNotice = await readFile(resolve(frontendDir, "desktop-release-windows-pending.txt"), "utf8");
+  assert(
+    windowsPendingNotice.includes("same immutable v0.1.0 tag") && windowsPendingNotice.includes("latest.json is intentionally withheld"),
+    "The staged v0.1.0 release must include an explicit Windows-pending and updater-feed notice.",
+  );
+
+  const releasePolicy = await readJson(resolve(frontendDir, "desktop-release-policy.json"));
+  assert(releasePolicy.schemaVersion === 1, "Desktop release policy schemaVersion must be 1.");
+  assert(
+    releasePolicy.defaultPlatformSigningMode === "signed",
+    "Desktop release policy must default future versions to signed platform releases.",
+  );
+  assert(releasePolicy.updaterSigningRequired === true, "Desktop release policy must require updater signing.");
+  const currentUnsignedException = releasePolicy.unsignedPlatformExceptions?.find(
+    (exception) => exception.version === packageInfo.version,
+  );
+  if (packageInfo.version === "0.1.0") {
+    assert(Boolean(currentUnsignedException), "Desktop release policy must record the approved v0.1.0 exception.");
+    assert(
+      currentUnsignedException?.macosLocalExactTagFallback === true &&
+        currentUnsignedException?.windowsDelivery === "deferred-same-tag" &&
+        currentUnsignedException?.updaterFeedActivation === "after-combined-platform-verification",
+      "The v0.1.0 exception must constrain local macOS staging, deferred Windows delivery, and updater feed activation.",
+    );
+  }
+  if (currentUnsignedException) {
+    assert(
+      currentUnsignedException.macos === "ad-hoc" && currentUnsignedException.windows === "unsigned",
+      `The v${packageInfo.version} exception must use macOS ad-hoc and unsigned Windows modes.`,
+    );
+  }
+
  const workflow = await readFile(resolve(rootDir, ".github/workflows/client-quality-gates.yml"), "utf8");
  const requiredCommands = [
    "npm run version:check",
@@ -420,19 +475,46 @@ const verifyWorkflowGates = async () => {
  }
  assert(workflow.includes("VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL"), "Client quality gates workflow must inject VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL.");
  assert(workflow.includes("VITE_BUILD_COMMIT"), "Client quality gates workflow must inject VITE_BUILD_COMMIT.");
+  assert(workflow.includes("VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL"), "Client quality gates workflow must inject VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL.");
  assert(workflow.match(/node-version: "22\.13"/g)?.length === 2, "Client quality gates must use Node.js 22.13 for Web and Desktop jobs.");

  const releaseWorkflow = await readFile(resolve(rootDir, ".github/workflows/desktop-release-candidate.yml"), "utf8");
  const requiredReleaseWorkflowTokens = [
+    "runs-on: macos-latest",
+    "runs-on: windows-latest",
    "REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING",
+    "REQUIRE_WINDOWS_SIGNING",
+    "REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING",
+    "ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE",
+    "DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE",
+    "desktop:release-policy:check",
+    "desktop:build:macos-unsigned-release",
+    "Signature=adhoc",
+    '"NotSigned"',
+    "UNSIGNED-PLATFORM",
+    "DESKTOP-RELEASE-PROVENANCE.json",
+    "--require-provenance",
    "TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY",
+    "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL",
    "APPLE_ID",
    "APPLE_PASSWORD",
    "APPLE_TEAM_ID",
+    "WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE",
+    "WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD",
+    "WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL",
+    "npm audit",
    "npm run desktop:build:macos-release",
+    "npm run desktop:build:windows-release",
+    "Get-AuthenticodeSignature",
+    "EnhancedKeyUsageList",
+    "TimeStamperCertificate",
+    ".nsis.zip",
    "npm run desktop:update-feed:create",
+    "--platform-artifact",
    "npm run desktop:update-feed:check",
+    "--require-platform windows-x86_64",
    "npm run desktop:release-readiness:check",
+    "actions/download-artifact",
    "actions/upload-artifact",
  ];

@@ -447,6 +529,7 @@ const verifyWorkflowGates = async () => {
    "runs-on: windows-latest",
    "VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL",
    "VITE_BUILD_COMMIT",
+    "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL",
    "npm run release:env:check",
    "npm run version:check",
    "npm run runtime:check",
@@ -505,6 +588,7 @@ await verifySourceSafety();
 await verifyNotificationBoundary();
 await verifySessionBoundary();
 await verifyUpdaterBoundary();
+await verifyDesktopServerConfigurationBoundary();
 await verifyOnlyOfficeBoundary();
 await verifyWorkflowGates();

@@ -2,9 +2,12 @@ import { access, readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import { basename, resolve } from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { loadDesktopReleasePolicy, resolveDesktopReleasePolicy } from "./desktop-release-policy.mjs";

 const frontendDir = fileURLToPath(new URL("../", import.meta.url));
 const packageInfo = JSON.parse(await readFile(resolve(frontendDir, "package.json"), "utf8"));
+const desktopReleasePolicy = await loadDesktopReleasePolicy();
+const desktopReleaseResolution = resolveDesktopReleasePolicy(packageInfo.version, desktopReleasePolicy);
 const failures = [];

 const args = process.argv.slice(2);
@@ -12,6 +15,8 @@ const optionValue = (name) => {
  const index = args.indexOf(name);
  return index >= 0 ? args[index + 1] : undefined;
 };
+const optionValues = (name) =>
+  args.reduce((result, argument, index) => (argument === name && args[index + 1] ? [...result, args[index + 1]] : result), []);

 const feedPath = resolve(
  frontendDir,
@@ -19,6 +24,17 @@ const feedPath = resolve(
 );
 const artifactDir = optionValue("--artifacts-dir") || process.env.DESKTOP_UPDATE_ARTIFACTS_DIR;
 const expectedBaseUrl = optionValue("--base-url") || process.env.DESKTOP_UPDATE_BASE_URL;
+const requiresProvenance = args.includes("--require-provenance");
+const provenancePath =
+  optionValue("--provenance") ||
+  process.env.DESKTOP_RELEASE_PROVENANCE ||
+  (artifactDir ? resolve(artifactDir, "DESKTOP-RELEASE-PROVENANCE.json") : undefined);
+const requiredPlatforms = new Set([
+  "darwin-aarch64",
+  "darwin-x86_64",
+  ...optionValues("--require-platform"),
+]);
+const platformPattern = /^(?:darwin|windows|linux)-(?:x86_64|aarch64|i686|armv7)$/;
 const checksumManifestPath =
  optionValue("--checksum-manifest") ||
  process.env.DESKTOP_UPDATE_CHECKSUM_MANIFEST ||
@@ -86,6 +102,56 @@ const assertManifestEntries = async (checksums) => {
  }
 };

+const verifyProvenance = async (checksums) => {
+  if (!requiresProvenance) return;
+  if (!provenancePath) {
+    fail("Desktop release provenance path is required.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  let provenance;
+  try {
+    provenance = JSON.parse(await readFile(provenancePath, "utf8"));
+  } catch (error) {
+    fail(`Cannot read desktop release provenance ${provenancePath}: ${error.message}`);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(provenance.schemaVersion === 1, "Desktop release provenance schemaVersion must be 1.");
+  assert(provenance.version === packageInfo.version, "Desktop release provenance version must match the package version.");
+  assert(provenance.tag === `v${packageInfo.version}`, "Desktop release provenance tag must match the package version.");
+  assert(/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/i.test(provenance.commit || ""), "Desktop release provenance must contain a full commit SHA.");
+  assert(
+    provenance.platformSigningMode === desktopReleaseResolution.platformSigningMode,
+    `Desktop release provenance platformSigningMode must be ${desktopReleaseResolution.platformSigningMode}.`,
+  );
+  assert(
+    provenance.platformSigning?.macos === desktopReleaseResolution.macosSigning,
+    `Desktop release provenance macOS signing must be ${desktopReleaseResolution.macosSigning}.`,
+  );
+  assert(
+    provenance.platformSigning?.windows === desktopReleaseResolution.windowsSigning,
+    `Desktop release provenance Windows signing must be ${desktopReleaseResolution.windowsSigning}.`,
+  );
+  assert(
+    provenance.updaterSigning === "required-and-verified",
+    "Desktop release provenance must record required-and-verified updater signing.",
+  );
+  assert(
+    provenance.artifactLabel === desktopReleaseResolution.artifactLabel,
+    `Desktop release provenance artifactLabel must be ${desktopReleaseResolution.artifactLabel}.`,
+  );
+  if (desktopReleaseResolution.warningRequired) {
+    assert(
+      Array.isArray(provenance.warnings) && provenance.warnings.length >= 2,
+      "Unsigned platform release provenance must include installation trust warnings.",
+    );
+  }
+  if (artifactDir) {
+    await assertChecksum(checksums, provenancePath, "desktop release provenance");
+  }
+};
+
 let feed;
 try {
  feed = JSON.parse(await readFile(feedPath, "utf8"));
@@ -96,6 +162,7 @@ try {
 if (feed) {
  const checksums = await readChecksumManifest();
  await assertManifestEntries(checksums);
+  await verifyProvenance(checksums);
  const normalizedFeedVersion = String(feed.version || "").replace(/^v/, "");
  const platforms = feed.platforms || {};
  const darwinArm = platforms["darwin-aarch64"];
@@ -103,15 +170,16 @@ if (feed) {

  assert(normalizedFeedVersion === packageInfo.version, `latest.json version must match package version ${packageInfo.version}.`);
  assert(Boolean(feed.pub_date || feed.pubDate), "latest.json must include a publication date.");
-  assert(Boolean(darwinArm), "latest.json must include darwin-aarch64.");
-  assert(Boolean(darwinIntel), "latest.json must include darwin-x86_64.");
+  for (const platform of requiredPlatforms) {
+    assert(platformPattern.test(platform), `Required updater platform key is unsupported: ${platform}.`);
+    assert(Boolean(platforms[platform]), `latest.json must include ${platform}.`);
+  }

-  const entries = [
-    ["darwin-aarch64", darwinArm],
-    ["darwin-x86_64", darwinIntel],
-  ];
+  const entries = Object.entries(platforms);
+  assert(entries.length > 0, "latest.json must include at least one platform entry.");

  for (const [platform, entry] of entries) {
+    assert(platformPattern.test(platform), `latest.json contains an unsupported platform key: ${platform}.`);
    const rawUrl = entry?.url;
    const signature = entry?.signature;
    assert(typeof signature === "string" && signature.length > 80, `${platform} must include an updater signature.`);
@@ -133,6 +201,12 @@ if (feed) {
    if (expectedBaseUrl) {
      assert(rawUrl.startsWith(expectedBaseUrl), `${platform} artifact URL must start with ${expectedBaseUrl}.`);
    }
+    if (platform.startsWith("darwin-")) {
+      assert(url.pathname.endsWith(".app.tar.gz"), `${platform} must point to a macOS .app.tar.gz updater artifact.`);
+    }
+    if (platform === "windows-x86_64") {
+      assert(url.pathname.endsWith(".nsis.zip"), "windows-x86_64 must point to an NSIS .nsis.zip updater artifact.");
+    }

    if (artifactDir) {
      const artifactPath = resolve(artifactDir, basename(url.pathname));
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+import { execFileSync } from "node:child_process";
 import { readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { resolve } from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { loadDesktopReleasePolicy, resolveDesktopReleasePolicy } from "./desktop-release-policy.mjs";

 const frontendDir = fileURLToPath(new URL("../", import.meta.url));
+const rootDir = resolve(frontendDir, "..");
 const packageInfo = JSON.parse(await readFile(resolve(frontendDir, "package.json"), "utf8"));
+const desktopReleasePolicy = await loadDesktopReleasePolicy();
+const desktopReleaseResolution = resolveDesktopReleasePolicy(packageInfo.version, desktopReleasePolicy);
 const failures = [];

 const allowedChannels = new Set(["dev", "main", "release", "local"]);
@@ -16,6 +21,38 @@ const commit = env.VITE_BUILD_COMMIT || "local";
 const isCi = env.CI === "true" || env.GITHUB_ACTIONS === "true";
 const isTagBuild = env.GITHUB_REF_TYPE === "tag";
 const isReleaseBuild = env.RELEASE_BUILD === "true" || isTagBuild || channel === "release";
+const requiresMacosSigning = env.REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING === "true";
+const requiresWindowsSigning = env.REQUIRE_WINDOWS_SIGNING === "true";
+const requiresUpdaterSigning = env.REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING === "true";
+const allowsUnsignedPlatformRelease = env.ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE === "true";
+const desktopPlatformSigningMode = env.DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE;
+const desktopReleasePlatform = env.DESKTOP_RELEASE_PLATFORM;
+const isNativeDesktopRelease = Boolean(
+  desktopReleasePlatform ||
+    desktopPlatformSigningMode ||
+    requiresMacosSigning ||
+    requiresWindowsSigning ||
+    requiresUpdaterSigning,
+);
+
+const validateDesktopServerUrl = () => {
+  const raw = env.VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL;
+  requireEnv("VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL");
+  if (!raw) return;
+
+  let url;
+  try {
+    url = new URL(raw);
+  } catch (error) {
+    fail(`VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL is invalid: ${error.message}`);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  assert(url.protocol === "https:", "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL must use HTTPS.");
+  assert(url.username === "" && url.password === "", "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL must not include credentials.");
+  assert(url.pathname === "/", "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL must be an origin without a path.");
+  assert(url.search === "" && url.hash === "", "VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL must not include query parameters or fragments.");
+};

 const fail = (message) => failures.push(message);
 const assert = (condition, message) => {
@@ -23,7 +60,19 @@ const assert = (condition, message) => {
 };

 const requireEnv = (name) => {
-  assert(Boolean(env[name]), `${name} must be configured for signed desktop release builds.`);
+  assert(Boolean(env[name]), `${name} must be configured for this desktop release build.`);
+};
+
+const gitHead = () => {
+  try {
+    return execFileSync("git", ["rev-parse", "HEAD"], {
+      cwd: rootDir,
+      encoding: "utf8",
+      stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "ignore"],
+    }).trim();
+  } catch {
+    return undefined;
+  }
 };

 assert(allowedChannels.has(channel), `VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL must be one of ${[...allowedChannels].join(", ")}.`);
@@ -31,6 +80,7 @@ assert(allowedChannels.has(channel), `VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL must be one of ${[...al
 if (isCi || isReleaseBuild) {
  assert(channel !== "local", "CI and release builds must inject VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL.");
  assert(fullShaPattern.test(commit), "CI and release builds must inject a full 40-character VITE_BUILD_COMMIT.");
+  validateDesktopServerUrl();
 }

 if (env.GITHUB_SHA) {
@@ -40,18 +90,77 @@ if (env.GITHUB_SHA) {
  );
 }

+if (isReleaseBuild && fullShaPattern.test(commit)) {
+  const headSha = gitHead();
+  assert(Boolean(headSha), "Release builds must be able to resolve the current Git commit.");
+  if (headSha) {
+    assert(commit === headSha, "VITE_BUILD_COMMIT must match the current Git HEAD for release builds.");
+  }
+}
+
 if (isTagBuild) {
  assert(env.GITHUB_REF_NAME === semverTag, `Release tag must be ${semverTag}; found ${env.GITHUB_REF_NAME || "<missing>"}.`);
  assert(channel === "release", "Release tag builds must set VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL=release.");
 }

-if (env.REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING === "true") {
-  assert(process.platform === "darwin", "Signed macOS desktop release builds must run on macOS.");
+assert(
+  !(requiresMacosSigning && requiresWindowsSigning),
+  "macOS and Windows signing requirements must be checked in their native jobs.",
+);
+
+if (isNativeDesktopRelease) {
+  assert(isReleaseBuild, "Native desktop release settings may only be used for release builds.");
+  assert(
+    desktopReleasePolicy.updaterSigningRequired === true && requiresUpdaterSigning,
+    "Formal desktop releases must set REQUIRE_UPDATER_SIGNING=true; updater signing cannot be disabled.",
+  );
+  assert(
+    desktopPlatformSigningMode === desktopReleaseResolution.platformSigningMode,
+    `DESKTOP_PLATFORM_SIGNING_MODE must be ${desktopReleaseResolution.platformSigningMode} for v${packageInfo.version}.`,
+  );
+  assert(
+    desktopReleasePlatform === "macos" || desktopReleasePlatform === "windows",
+    "DESKTOP_RELEASE_PLATFORM must be macos or windows for native desktop release builds.",
+  );
  if (isCi) {
-    assert(isTagBuild, "Signed desktop release candidate builds in CI must run from a release tag.");
+    assert(isTagBuild, "Native desktop release candidate builds in CI must run from a release tag.");
  }
+}
+
+if (requiresUpdaterSigning) {
  requireEnv("TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY");
  requireEnv("TAURI_SIGNING_PRIVATE_KEY_PASSWORD");
+}
+
+if (desktopPlatformSigningMode === "signed") {
+  assert(!allowsUnsignedPlatformRelease, "Signed releases must not enable ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE.");
+  assert(
+    (desktopReleasePlatform === "macos" && requiresMacosSigning && !requiresWindowsSigning) ||
+      (desktopReleasePlatform === "windows" && requiresWindowsSigning && !requiresMacosSigning),
+    "Signed native release jobs must enable only their matching platform signing requirement.",
+  );
+}
+
+if (desktopPlatformSigningMode === "unsigned-exception") {
+  assert(
+    desktopReleaseResolution.platformSigningMode === "unsigned-exception",
+    `v${packageInfo.version} has no approved unsigned platform release exception.`,
+  );
+  assert(allowsUnsignedPlatformRelease, "The approved exception requires ALLOW_UNSIGNED_PLATFORM_RELEASE=true.");
+  assert(
+    !requiresMacosSigning && !requiresWindowsSigning,
+    "Unsigned platform exceptions must not claim Apple or Windows platform signing.",
+  );
+  if (desktopReleasePlatform === "macos") {
+    assert(process.platform === "darwin", "The macOS ad-hoc release exception must run on macOS.");
+  }
+  if (desktopReleasePlatform === "windows") {
+    assert(process.platform === "win32", "The unsigned Windows release exception must run on Windows.");
+  }
+}
+
+if (requiresMacosSigning) {
+  assert(process.platform === "darwin", "Signed macOS desktop release builds must run on macOS.");
  requireEnv("APPLE_ID");
  requireEnv("APPLE_PASSWORD");
  requireEnv("APPLE_TEAM_ID");
@@ -64,6 +173,13 @@ if (env.REQUIRE_DESKTOP_SIGNING === "true") {
  }
 }

+if (requiresWindowsSigning) {
+  assert(process.platform === "win32", "Signed Windows desktop release builds must run on Windows.");
+  requireEnv("WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE");
+  requireEnv("WINDOWS_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD");
+  requireEnv("WINDOWS_TIMESTAMP_URL");
+}
+
 if (failures.length > 0) {
  console.error(`Release build environment check failed:\n${failures.map((item) => `  - ${item}`).join("\n")}`);
  process.exitCode = 1;
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
  },
  "plugins": {
    "updater": {
-      "pubkey": "dW50cnVzdGVkIGNvbW1lbnQ6IG1pbmlzaWduIHB1YmxpYyBrZXk6IDIwQjI5MUZFMjQ2NUM5QwpSV1NjWEViaUh5a0xBdE52U2Rhb29mZlVYZ3lnWGlDVGs1WE1RUGoyeWtSWW9pNzBnNW9qUGNaaAo="
+      "pubkey": "dW50cnVzdGVkIGNvbW1lbnQ6IG1pbmlzaWduIHB1YmxpYyBrZXk6IDU5MzI4NzBDRDlCRDUzMUIKUldRYlU3M1pESWN5V1ZaYzZOdVlhbk5xVmFlQW4zRmpGbmFUdWV1UUN3WFBsYU16clZJMzRaVjEK"
    }
  }
 }
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 interface ImportMetaEnv {
  readonly VITE_BUILD_CHANNEL?: "dev" | "main" | "release" | "local";
  readonly VITE_BUILD_COMMIT?: string;
+  readonly VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL?: string;
 }

 interface ImportMeta {
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import {
  DESKTOP_SERVER_URL_CHANGED_EVENT,
  DESKTOP_SERVER_URL_KEY,
+  getDefaultDesktopServerUrl,
  getDesktopServerUrl,
  normalizeDesktopServerUrl,
  setDesktopServerUrl,
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ const createMemoryStorage = (): Storage => {
 };

 beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.stubEnv("VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL", "");
  Object.defineProperty(window, "localStorage", {
    value: createMemoryStorage(),
    configurable: true,
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ beforeEach(() => {
 afterEach(() => {
  window.localStorage.clear();
  setTauriRuntime(false);
+  vi.unstubAllEnvs();
 });

 describe("desktop server config", () => {
@@ -70,6 +73,23 @@ describe("desktop server config", () => {
    expect(listener).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
  });

+  it("uses the build-time default while allowing a persisted manual override", () => {
+    vi.stubEnv("VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL", "https://default.ctms.example.com");
+
+    expect(getDefaultDesktopServerUrl()).toBe("https://default.ctms.example.com/");
+    expect(getDesktopServerUrl()).toBe("https://default.ctms.example.com/");
+
+    setDesktopServerUrl("https://manual.ctms.example.com");
+    expect(getDesktopServerUrl()).toBe("https://manual.ctms.example.com/");
+  });
+
+  it("ignores an invalid build-time default", () => {
+    vi.stubEnv("VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL", "http://public.ctms.example.com");
+
+    expect(getDefaultDesktopServerUrl()).toBeNull();
+    expect(getDesktopServerUrl()).toBeNull();
+  });
+
  it("requires a server URL only inside the Tauri runtime", () => {
    expect(shouldRequireDesktopServerUrl()).toBe(false);
    setTauriRuntime(true);
@@ -77,4 +97,11 @@ describe("desktop server config", () => {
    setDesktopServerUrl("https://ctms.example.com");
    expect(shouldRequireDesktopServerUrl()).toBe(false);
  });
+
+  it("does not require first-run configuration when a valid build-time default exists", () => {
+    vi.stubEnv("VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL", "https://default.ctms.example.com");
+    setTauriRuntime(true);
+
+    expect(shouldRequireDesktopServerUrl()).toBe(false);
+  });
 });
@@ -51,13 +51,22 @@ export const normalizeDesktopServerUrl = (value: string): DesktopServerUrlValida
  return { ok: true, url: `${parsed.origin}/` };
 };

-export const getDesktopServerUrl = (): string | null => {
+export const getDefaultDesktopServerUrl = (): string | null => {
+  const configured = import.meta.env.VITE_DESKTOP_SERVER_URL?.trim();
+  if (!configured) return null;
+  const result = normalizeDesktopServerUrl(configured);
+  return result.ok ? result.url : null;
+};
+
+const getStoredDesktopServerUrl = (): string | null => {
  const stored = getStorage()?.getItem(DESKTOP_SERVER_URL_KEY);
  if (!stored) return null;
  const result = normalizeDesktopServerUrl(stored);
  return result.ok ? result.url : null;
 };

+export const getDesktopServerUrl = (): string | null => getStoredDesktopServerUrl() || getDefaultDesktopServerUrl();
+
 export const hasDesktopServerUrl = (): boolean => Boolean(getDesktopServerUrl());

 export const setDesktopServerUrl = (value: string): DesktopServerUrlValidationResult => {
@@ -74,7 +83,7 @@ export const setDesktopServerUrl = (value: string): DesktopServerUrlValidationRe
 export const clearDesktopServerUrl = (): void => {
  const previous = getDesktopServerUrl();
  getStorage()?.removeItem(DESKTOP_SERVER_URL_KEY);
-  emitServerUrlChanged(previous, null);
+  emitServerUrlChanged(previous, getDesktopServerUrl());
 };

 export const shouldRequireDesktopServerUrl = (): boolean => isTauriRuntime() && !hasDesktopServerUrl();
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ export { clientRuntime, type ClientRuntime, type RuntimeCapabilities } from "./c
 export {
  clearDesktopServerUrl,
  DESKTOP_SERVER_URL_CHANGED_EVENT,
+  getDefaultDesktopServerUrl,
  getDesktopServerUrl,
  hasDesktopServerUrl,
  normalizeDesktopServerUrl,
@@ -1,5 +1,18 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
-import { getContentDispositionFilename } from "./contentDisposition";
+import { getContentDispositionFilename, getHttpHeaderString } from "./contentDisposition";
+
+describe("getHttpHeaderString", () => {
+  it("keeps string header values and joins string arrays", () => {
+    expect(getHttpHeaderString("application/pdf")).toBe("application/pdf");
+    expect(getHttpHeaderString(["attachment", "filename=protocol.pdf"])).toBe("attachment, filename=protocol.pdf");
+  });
+
+  it("rejects non-string Axios header values", () => {
+    expect(getHttpHeaderString(200)).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(getHttpHeaderString(true)).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(getHttpHeaderString({ value: "application/pdf" })).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});

 describe("getContentDispositionFilename", () => {
  it("prefers the UTF-8 filename even when the ASCII fallback appears first", () => {
@@ -1,3 +1,11 @@
+export const getHttpHeaderString = (value: unknown): string | undefined => {
+  if (typeof value === "string") return value;
+  if (Array.isArray(value) && value.every((item) => typeof item === "string")) {
+    return value.join(", ");
+  }
+  return undefined;
+};
+
 export const getContentDispositionFilename = (header?: string | null): string | null => {
  if (!header) return null;
  const encoded = /filename\*\s*=\s*UTF-8''([^;]+)/i.exec(header)?.[1];
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ import StateLoading from "../../components/StateLoading.vue";
 import { onDesktopRefreshCurrentView } from "../../composables/useDesktopRefresh";
 import { openFileWithFeedback, pickFilesWithFeedback, saveFileWithFeedback } from "../../utils/fileTaskFeedback";
 import { getApiErrorMessage } from "../../utils/apiErrorMessage";
-import { getContentDispositionFilename } from "../../utils/contentDisposition";
+import { getContentDispositionFilename, getHttpHeaderString } from "../../utils/contentDisposition";
 import { prepareSaveFile } from "../../runtime";
 import { detectFilePreviewKind, ONLYOFFICE_FILE_EXTENSIONS } from "../../utils/officePreview";

@@ -803,7 +803,8 @@ const previewVersion = async (version: DocumentVersion) => {
  previewLoading.value = true;
  try {
    const response = await downloadDocumentVersion(version.id);
-    const contentType = response.headers?.["content-type"] || version.mime_type || "application/octet-stream";
+    const contentType =
+      getHttpHeaderString(response.headers?.["content-type"]) || version.mime_type || "application/octet-stream";
    const blob = new Blob([response.data], { type: contentType });
    previewObjectUrl.value = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
    previewUrl.value = previewObjectUrl.value;
@@ -823,8 +824,9 @@ const downloadVersion = async (version: DocumentVersion) => {
      return;
    }
    const response = await downloadDocumentVersion(version.id);
-    const contentType = response.headers?.["content-type"] || "application/octet-stream";
-    const filename = getContentDispositionFilename(response.headers?.["content-disposition"]) || suggestedName;
+    const contentType = getHttpHeaderString(response.headers?.["content-type"]) || "application/octet-stream";
+    const filename =
+      getContentDispositionFilename(getHttpHeaderString(response.headers?.["content-disposition"])) || suggestedName;
    const blob = new Blob([response.data], { type: contentType });
    await saveFileWithFeedback({ suggestedName: filename, mimeType: contentType, data: blob }, {}, destination);
  } catch (e: any) { ElMessage.error(await getApiErrorMessage(e, TEXT.common.messages.downloadFailed)); }
@@ -840,10 +842,11 @@ const openVersion = async (version: DocumentVersion) => {
  }

  try {
-    const contentType = response.headers?.["content-type"] || "application/octet-stream";
-    const filename = getContentDispositionFilename(response.headers?.["content-disposition"])
-      || getVersionFileName(version)
-      || `document-${version.version_no || version.id}.bin`;
+    const contentType = getHttpHeaderString(response.headers?.["content-type"]) || "application/octet-stream";
+    const filename =
+      getContentDispositionFilename(getHttpHeaderString(response.headers?.["content-disposition"])) ||
+      getVersionFileName(version) ||
+      `document-${version.version_no || version.id}.bin`;
    await openFileWithFeedback({
      suggestedName: filename,
      mimeType: contentType,
@@ -474,6 +474,7 @@ import { isApiPermissionAllowed } from "../../utils/apiPermissionValue";
 import { displayDateTime } from "../../utils/display";
 import { getProjectRole, isSystemAdmin } from "../../utils/roles";
 import { useDrawerDirtyGuard } from "../../utils/drawerDirtyGuard";
+import { getContentDispositionFilename, getHttpHeaderString } from "../../utils/contentDisposition";

 interface MonitoringIssueRow {
  id: string;
@@ -937,13 +938,6 @@ const removeIssue = async (row: MonitoringIssueRow) => {
  }
 };

-const getFilename = (header?: string | null) => {
-  if (!header) return null;
-  const match = /filename\*=UTF-8''([^;]+)|filename="?([^\";]+)"?/i.exec(header);
-  if (!match) return null;
-  return decodeURIComponent(match[1] || match[2] || "");
-};
-
 const handleExportExcel = async () => {
  const studyId = study.currentStudy?.id;
  if (!studyId || !canListIssues.value) return;
@@ -975,8 +969,9 @@ const handleExportExcel = async () => {
    }

    const response = await exportMonitoringVisitIssues(studyId, params);
-    const contentType = response.headers?.["content-type"] || "application/octet-stream";
-    const filename = getFilename(response.headers?.["content-disposition"]) || "监查访视问题.xlsx";
+    const contentType = getHttpHeaderString(response.headers?.["content-type"]) || "application/octet-stream";
+    const filename =
+      getContentDispositionFilename(getHttpHeaderString(response.headers?.["content-disposition"])) || "监查访视问题.xlsx";
    const blob = new Blob([response.data], { type: contentType });
    await saveFileWithFeedback(
      { suggestedName: filename, mimeType: contentType, data: blob },