Step 4：评论 / 附件 / 审计日志

backend/app/crud/attachment.py

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+import uuid
+from typing import Sequence
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.attachment import Attachment
+
+
+async def create_attachment(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+    filename: str,
+    file_path: str,
+    file_size: int,
+    content_type: str | None,
+    uploaded_by: uuid.UUID,
+) -> Attachment:
+    attachment = Attachment(
+        study_id=study_id,
+        entity_type=entity_type,
+        entity_id=entity_id,
+        filename=filename,
+        file_path=file_path,
+        file_size=file_size,
+        content_type=content_type,
+        uploaded_by=uploaded_by,
+    )
+    db.add(attachment)
+    await db.commit()
+    await db.refresh(attachment)
+    return attachment
+
+
+async def list_attachments(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+) -> Sequence[Attachment]:
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Attachment)
+        .where(
+            Attachment.study_id == study_id,
+            Attachment.entity_type == entity_type,
+            Attachment.entity_id == entity_id,
+            Attachment.is_deleted.is_(False),
+        )
+        .order_by(Attachment.uploaded_at.desc())
+    )
+    return result.scalars().all()
+
+
+async def get_attachment(db: AsyncSession, attachment_id: uuid.UUID) -> Attachment | None:
+    result = await db.execute(select(Attachment).where(Attachment.id == attachment_id, Attachment.is_deleted.is_(False)))
+    return result.scalar_one_or_none()