diff --git a/backend/app/api/v1/attachments.py b/backend/app/api/v1/attachments.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8eb8086e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/api/v1/attachments.py
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+import os
+import uuid
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import aiofiles
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, File, HTTPException, UploadFile, status
+from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.deps import get_current_user, get_db_session, require_study_member
+from app.crud import attachment as attachment_crud
+from app.crud import audit as audit_crud
+from app.crud import study as study_crud
+from app.schemas.attachment import AttachmentRead
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+UPLOAD_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent / "uploads"
+
+
+async def _ensure_study_exists(db: AsyncSession, study_id: uuid.UUID):
+    study = await study_crud.get(db, study_id)
+    if not study:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Study not found")
+    return study
+
+
+@router.post(
+    "/",
+    response_model=AttachmentRead,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+)
+async def upload_attachment(
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+    file: UploadFile = File(...),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db_session),
+    current_user=Depends(get_current_user),
+) -> AttachmentRead:
+    await _ensure_study_exists(db, study_id)
+    dest_dir = UPLOAD_ROOT / f"study_{study_id}" / f"{entity_type}_{entity_id}"
+    dest_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    unique_name = f"{uuid.uuid4()}{Path(file.filename).suffix}"
+    dest_path = dest_dir / unique_name
+
+    content = await file.read()
+    async with aiofiles.open(dest_path, "wb") as out_file:
+        await out_file.write(content)
+
+    attachment = await attachment_crud.create_attachment(
+        db,
+        study_id=study_id,
+        entity_type=entity_type,
+        entity_id=entity_id,
+        filename=file.filename,
+        file_path=str(dest_path),
+        file_size=len(content),
+        content_type=file.content_type,
+        uploaded_by=current_user.id,
+    )
+    await audit_crud.log_action(
+        db,
+        study_id=study_id,
+        entity_type=entity_type,
+        entity_id=entity_id,
+        action="UPLOAD_FILE",
+        detail=f"File uploaded: {file.filename}",
+        operator_id=current_user.id,
+        operator_role=current_user.role,
+    )
+    return attachment
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/",
+    response_model=list[AttachmentRead],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+)
+async def list_attachments(
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db_session),
+) -> list[AttachmentRead]:
+    await _ensure_study_exists(db, study_id)
+    attachments = await attachment_crud.list_attachments(db, study_id, entity_type, entity_id)
+    return list(attachments)
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/{attachment_id}/download",
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+)
+async def download_attachment(
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+    attachment_id: uuid.UUID,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db_session),
+) -> FileResponse:
+    await _ensure_study_exists(db, study_id)
+    attachment = await attachment_crud.get_attachment(db, attachment_id)
+    if not attachment or attachment.study_id != study_id or attachment.entity_id != entity_id or attachment.entity_type != entity_type:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Attachment not found")
+    if not os.path.exists(attachment.file_path):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="File missing on server")
+    return FileResponse(
+        path=attachment.file_path,
+        filename=attachment.filename,
+        media_type=attachment.content_type or "application/octet-stream",
+    )
diff --git a/backend/app/api/v1/audit_logs.py b/backend/app/api/v1/audit_logs.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cd61e238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/api/v1/audit_logs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import uuid
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.deps import get_db_session, require_study_member
+from app.crud import audit as audit_crud
+from app.schemas.audit import AuditLogRead
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/",
+    response_model=list[AuditLogRead],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+)
+async def list_audit_logs(
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str | None = None,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID | None = None,
+    action: str | None = None,
+    skip: int = 0,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db_session),
+) -> list[AuditLogRead]:
+    logs = await audit_crud.list_logs(
+        db,
+        study_id=study_id,
+        entity_type=entity_type,
+        entity_id=entity_id,
+        action=action,
+        skip=skip,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+    return list(logs)
diff --git a/backend/app/api/v1/comments.py b/backend/app/api/v1/comments.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6ca4f015
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/api/v1/comments.py
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import uuid
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.deps import get_current_user, get_db_session, require_study_member
+from app.crud import comment as comment_crud
+from app.crud import audit as audit_crud
+from app.crud import study as study_crud
+from app.schemas.comment import CommentCreate, CommentRead
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+async def _ensure_study_exists(db: AsyncSession, study_id: uuid.UUID):
+    study = await study_crud.get(db, study_id)
+    if not study:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Study not found")
+    return study
+
+
+@router.post(
+    "/",
+    response_model=CommentRead,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+)
+async def create_comment(
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+    comment_in: CommentCreate,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db_session),
+    current_user=Depends(get_current_user),
+) -> CommentRead:
+    await _ensure_study_exists(db, study_id)
+    comment = await comment_crud.create_comment(
+        db,
+        study_id=study_id,
+        entity_type=entity_type,
+        entity_id=entity_id,
+        comment_in=comment_in,
+        created_by=current_user.id,
+    )
+    await audit_crud.log_action(
+        db,
+        study_id=study_id,
+        entity_type=entity_type,
+        entity_id=entity_id,
+        action="CREATE_COMMENT",
+        detail=f"Comment created by {current_user.username}",
+        operator_id=current_user.id,
+        operator_role=current_user.role,
+    )
+    return comment
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/",
+    response_model=list[CommentRead],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+)
+async def list_comments(
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db_session),
+) -> list[CommentRead]:
+    await _ensure_study_exists(db, study_id)
+    comments = await comment_crud.list_comments(db, study_id, entity_type, entity_id)
+    return list(comments)
diff --git a/backend/app/api/v1/router.py b/backend/app/api/v1/router.py
index 7b77b492..45cc9979 100644
--- a/backend/app/api/v1/router.py
+++ b/backend/app/api/v1/router.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from fastapi import APIRouter
 
-from app.api.v1 import auth, users, studies, sites, members
+from app.api.v1 import auth, users, studies, sites, members, comments, attachments, audit_logs
 
 api_router = APIRouter()
 api_router.include_router(auth.router, prefix="/auth", tags=["auth"])
@@ -8,3 +8,6 @@ api_router.include_router(users.router, prefix="/users", tags=["users"])
 api_router.include_router(studies.router, prefix="/studies", tags=["studies"])
 api_router.include_router(sites.router, prefix="/studies/{study_id}/sites", tags=["sites"])
 api_router.include_router(members.router, prefix="/studies/{study_id}/members", tags=["study-members"])
+api_router.include_router(comments.router, prefix="/studies/{study_id}/{entity_type}/{entity_id}/comments", tags=["comments"])
+api_router.include_router(attachments.router, prefix="/studies/{study_id}/{entity_type}/{entity_id}/attachments", tags=["attachments"])
+api_router.include_router(audit_logs.router, prefix="/studies/{study_id}/audit-logs", tags=["audit-logs"])
diff --git a/backend/app/crud/attachment.py b/backend/app/crud/attachment.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..72cf739a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/crud/attachment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import uuid
+from typing import Sequence
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.attachment import Attachment
+
+
+async def create_attachment(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+    filename: str,
+    file_path: str,
+    file_size: int,
+    content_type: str | None,
+    uploaded_by: uuid.UUID,
+) -> Attachment:
+    attachment = Attachment(
+        study_id=study_id,
+        entity_type=entity_type,
+        entity_id=entity_id,
+        filename=filename,
+        file_path=file_path,
+        file_size=file_size,
+        content_type=content_type,
+        uploaded_by=uploaded_by,
+    )
+    db.add(attachment)
+    await db.commit()
+    await db.refresh(attachment)
+    return attachment
+
+
+async def list_attachments(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+) -> Sequence[Attachment]:
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Attachment)
+        .where(
+            Attachment.study_id == study_id,
+            Attachment.entity_type == entity_type,
+            Attachment.entity_id == entity_id,
+            Attachment.is_deleted.is_(False),
+        )
+        .order_by(Attachment.uploaded_at.desc())
+    )
+    return result.scalars().all()
+
+
+async def get_attachment(db: AsyncSession, attachment_id: uuid.UUID) -> Attachment | None:
+    result = await db.execute(select(Attachment).where(Attachment.id == attachment_id, Attachment.is_deleted.is_(False)))
+    return result.scalar_one_or_none()
diff --git a/backend/app/crud/audit.py b/backend/app/crud/audit.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b85022ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/crud/audit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import uuid
+from typing import Sequence
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.audit_log import AuditLog
+
+
+async def log_action(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    study_id: uuid.UUID | None,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID | None,
+    action: str,
+    detail: str | None,
+    operator_id: uuid.UUID,
+    operator_role: str,
+) -> AuditLog:
+    log = AuditLog(
+        study_id=study_id,
+        entity_type=entity_type,
+        entity_id=entity_id,
+        action=action,
+        detail=detail,
+        operator_id=operator_id,
+        operator_role=operator_role,
+    )
+    db.add(log)
+    await db.commit()
+    await db.refresh(log)
+    return log
+
+
+async def list_logs(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str | None = None,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID | None = None,
+    action: str | None = None,
+    skip: int = 0,
+    limit: int = 100,
+) -> Sequence[AuditLog]:
+    stmt = select(AuditLog).where(AuditLog.study_id == study_id)
+    if entity_type:
+        stmt = stmt.where(AuditLog.entity_type == entity_type)
+    if entity_id:
+        stmt = stmt.where(AuditLog.entity_id == entity_id)
+    if action:
+        stmt = stmt.where(AuditLog.action == action)
+    stmt = stmt.order_by(AuditLog.created_at.desc()).offset(skip).limit(limit)
+    result = await db.execute(stmt)
+    return result.scalars().all()
diff --git a/backend/app/crud/comment.py b/backend/app/crud/comment.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7e5d0f01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/crud/comment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import uuid
+from typing import Sequence
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.comment import Comment
+from app.schemas.comment import CommentCreate
+
+
+async def create_comment(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+    comment_in: CommentCreate,
+    created_by: uuid.UUID,
+) -> Comment:
+    comment = Comment(
+        study_id=study_id,
+        entity_type=entity_type,
+        entity_id=entity_id,
+        content=comment_in.content,
+        created_by=created_by,
+    )
+    db.add(comment)
+    await db.commit()
+    await db.refresh(comment)
+    return comment
+
+
+async def list_comments(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    study_id: uuid.UUID,
+    entity_type: str,
+    entity_id: uuid.UUID,
+) -> Sequence[Comment]:
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Comment)
+        .where(
+            Comment.study_id == study_id,
+            Comment.entity_type == entity_type,
+            Comment.entity_id == entity_id,
+            Comment.is_deleted.is_(False),
+        )
+        .order_by(Comment.created_at.asc())
+    )
+    return result.scalars().all()
diff --git a/backend/app/db/base.py b/backend/app/db/base.py
index 0b1a63b7..f8963b28 100644
--- a/backend/app/db/base.py
+++ b/backend/app/db/base.py
@@ -5,3 +5,6 @@ from app.models.user import User  # noqa: F401
 from app.models.study import Study  # noqa: F401
 from app.models.site import Site  # noqa: F401
 from app.models.study_member import StudyMember  # noqa: F401
+from app.models.comment import Comment  # noqa: F401
+from app.models.attachment import Attachment  # noqa: F401
+from app.models.audit_log import AuditLog  # noqa: F401
diff --git a/backend/app/models/attachment.py b/backend/app/models/attachment.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5b39ea6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/models/attachment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, DateTime, ForeignKey, Integer, String, func
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import UUID
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.db.base_class import Base
+
+
+class Attachment(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "attachments"
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4)
+    study_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("studies.id"), nullable=False)
+    entity_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(50), nullable=False)
+    entity_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), nullable=False)
+    filename: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    file_path: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(500), nullable=False)
+    file_size: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+    content_type: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(100), nullable=True)
+    uploaded_by: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False)
+    uploaded_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=func.now())
+    is_deleted: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, server_default="false")
diff --git a/backend/app/models/audit_log.py b/backend/app/models/audit_log.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..63903eca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/models/audit_log.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, String, Text, func
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import UUID
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.db.base_class import Base
+
+
+class AuditLog(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "audit_logs"
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4)
+    study_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("studies.id"), nullable=True)
+    entity_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(50), nullable=False)
+    entity_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), nullable=True)
+    action: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(50), nullable=False)
+    detail: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    operator_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False)
+    operator_role: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(50), nullable=False)
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=func.now())
diff --git a/backend/app/models/comment.py b/backend/app/models/comment.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8d650b59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/models/comment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, DateTime, ForeignKey, String, Text, func
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import UUID
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.db.base_class import Base
+
+
+class Comment(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "comments"
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4)
+    study_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("studies.id"), index=True, nullable=False)
+    entity_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(50), nullable=False)
+    entity_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), nullable=False)
+    content: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    created_by: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False)
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=func.now())
+    is_deleted: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, server_default="false")
diff --git a/backend/app/schemas/attachment.py b/backend/app/schemas/attachment.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c531d5fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/schemas/attachment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+
+
+class AttachmentRead(BaseModel):
+    id: uuid.UUID
+    filename: str
+    file_size: int
+    uploaded_by: uuid.UUID
+    uploaded_at: datetime
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
diff --git a/backend/app/schemas/audit.py b/backend/app/schemas/audit.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a0e1a817
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/schemas/audit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+
+
+class AuditLogRead(BaseModel):
+    id: uuid.UUID
+    action: str
+    detail: Optional[str]
+    operator_id: uuid.UUID
+    operator_role: str
+    created_at: datetime
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
diff --git a/backend/app/schemas/comment.py b/backend/app/schemas/comment.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d665cd35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/schemas/comment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
+
+
+class CommentCreate(BaseModel):
+    content: str = Field(min_length=1)
+
+
+class CommentRead(BaseModel):
+    id: uuid.UUID
+    content: str
+    created_by: uuid.UUID
+    created_at: datetime
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
diff --git a/backend/app/uploads/study_021aee05-20e3-4441-890c-6822a718f2f0/study_021aee05-20e3-4441-890c-6822a718f2f0/b6a32901-a168-42b1-9b8a-02cb59380f1e.txt b/backend/app/uploads/study_021aee05-20e3-4441-890c-6822a718f2f0/study_021aee05-20e3-4441-890c-6822a718f2f0/b6a32901-a168-42b1-9b8a-02cb59380f1e.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fa254a0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/uploads/study_021aee05-20e3-4441-890c-6822a718f2f0/study_021aee05-20e3-4441-890c-6822a718f2f0/b6a32901-a168-42b1-9b8a-02cb59380f1e.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+hello ctms
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/backend/requirements.txt b/backend/requirements.txt
index 396db03c..b5051fe4 100644
--- a/backend/requirements.txt
+++ b/backend/requirements.txt
@@ -7,4 +7,5 @@ python-jose[cryptography]==3.3.0
 passlib[bcrypt]==1.7.4
 bcrypt==4.0.1
 python-multipart==0.0.6
+aiofiles==23.2.1
 debugpy==1.8.0
diff --git a/pg_data/base/16384/1247 b/pg_data/base/16384/1247
index ada60ecd..3f84f3d6 100644
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diff --git a/pg_data/pg_xact/0000 b/pg_data/pg_xact/0000
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diff --git a/pg_data/postmaster.pid b/pg_data/postmaster.pid
index e6ecfbd7..962beffd 100644
--- a/pg_data/postmaster.pid
+++ b/pg_data/postmaster.pid
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 1
 /var/lib/postgresql/data
-1765872650
+1765875461
 5432
 /var/run/postgresql
 *