权限管理：接入项目级权限矩阵

新增项目级角色权限矩阵，覆盖 PM、CRA、PV、IMP、QA 等项目角色，并通过迁移表持久化各业务模块的读写权限。

后端将参与者、合同费用、物资、启动、里程碑、风险问题、监查稽查、FAQ、共享库、文件版本等接口接入矩阵校验，修复审计日志导出权限和登录 502 的依赖导入问题。

前端新增权限管理页面和项目路由权限映射，按矩阵控制导航显示、直接访问拦截、操作按钮启停，并限制管理后台仅 admin 和授权 PM 可进入。

补充后端权限归一化与接口静态测试、前端路由/权限工具/权限管理页面/工作台等回归测试。

backend/app/api/v1/subjects.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
 from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
-from app.core.deps import get_cra_site_scope, get_current_user, get_db_session, require_study_member, require_study_roles, require_study_not_locked
+from app.core.deps import get_cra_site_scope, get_current_user, get_db_session, require_study_not_locked, require_study_permission
 from app.crud import audit as audit_crud
 from app.crud import site as site_crud
 from app.crud import subject as subject_crud
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ async def _ensure_subject_active(db: AsyncSession, subject) -> None:
     "/",
     response_model=SubjectRead,
     status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_roles(["PM", "CRA"])), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("subjects", "write")), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
 )
 async def create_subject(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ async def create_subject(
 @router.get(
     "/",
     response_model=list[SubjectRead],
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("subjects", "read"))],
 )
 async def list_subjects(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ async def list_subjects(
 @router.get(
     "/{subject_id}",
     response_model=SubjectRead,
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("subjects", "read"))],
 )
 async def get_subject(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ async def get_subject(
 @router.patch(
     "/{subject_id}",
     response_model=SubjectRead,
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_roles(["PM", "CRA"])), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("subjects", "write")), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
 )
 async def update_subject(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ async def update_subject(
 @router.delete(
     "/{subject_id}",
     status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT,
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_roles(["PM", "CRA"])), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("subjects", "write")), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
 )
 async def delete_subject(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,