权限管理：接入项目级权限矩阵

新增项目级角色权限矩阵，覆盖 PM、CRA、PV、IMP、QA 等项目角色，并通过迁移表持久化各业务模块的读写权限。

后端将参与者、合同费用、物资、启动、里程碑、风险问题、监查稽查、FAQ、共享库、文件版本等接口接入矩阵校验，修复审计日志导出权限和登录 502 的依赖导入问题。

前端新增权限管理页面和项目路由权限映射，按矩阵控制导航显示、直接访问拦截、操作按钮启停，并限制管理后台仅 admin 和授权 PM 可进入。

补充后端权限归一化与接口静态测试、前端路由/权限工具/权限管理页面/工作台等回归测试。

backend/app/api/v1/material_equipments.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import uuid
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
-from app.core.deps import get_current_user, get_db_session, require_study_member, require_study_not_locked, require_study_roles
+from app.core.deps import get_current_user, get_db_session, require_study_not_locked, require_study_permission
 from app.crud import audit as audit_crud
 from app.crud import material_equipment as equipment_crud
 from app.crud import study as study_crud
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def _validate_calibration(need_calibration: bool, calibration_cycle_days: int |
     "/equipment",
     response_model=MaterialEquipmentRead,
     status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_roles(["PM", "CRA"])), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("materials", "write")), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
 )
 async def create_equipment(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ async def create_equipment(
 @router.get(
     "/equipment",
     response_model=list[MaterialEquipmentRead],
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("materials", "read"))],
 )
 async def list_equipments(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ async def list_equipments(
 @router.get(
     "/equipment/{equipment_id}",
     response_model=MaterialEquipmentRead,
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_member())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("materials", "read"))],
 )
 async def get_equipment(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ async def get_equipment(
 @router.patch(
     "/equipment/{equipment_id}",
     response_model=MaterialEquipmentRead,
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_roles(["PM", "CRA"])), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("materials", "write")), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
 )
 async def update_equipment(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ async def update_equipment(
 @router.delete(
     "/equipment/{equipment_id}",
     status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT,
-    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_roles(["PM", "CRA"])), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_study_permission("materials", "write")), Depends(require_study_not_locked())],
 )
 async def delete_equipment(
     study_id: uuid.UUID,