Step 12：后端轻量优化（API 稳定性 & 前端友好）

backend/app/main.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
 
 from app.api.v1.router import api_router
 from app.core.config import settings
+from app.core.exceptions import register_exception_handlers
 from app.crud.user import ensure_admin_exists
 from app.db.base import Base
 from app.db.session import SessionLocal, engine
@@ -25,10 +26,39 @@ async def lifespan(_: FastAPI):
 
 def create_app() -> FastAPI:
     app = FastAPI(
-        title="CTMS API",
+        title="CTMS 后端 API",
+        description="临床试验项目管理系统后端接口文档",
         version="0.1.0",
         debug=settings.ENV == "development",
         lifespan=lifespan,
+        openapi_tags=[
+            {"name": "auth", "description": "认证与登录"},
+            {"name": "users", "description": "用户管理"},
+            {"name": "studies", "description": "项目管理"},
+            {"name": "sites", "description": "中心管理"},
+            {"name": "study-members", "description": "项目成员"},
+            {"name": "comments", "description": "通用评论"},
+            {"name": "attachments", "description": "通用附件"},
+            {"name": "audit-logs", "description": "审计日志"},
+            {"name": "milestones", "description": "里程碑"},
+            {"name": "tasks", "description": "任务"},
+            {"name": "dashboard", "description": "项目总览与统计"},
+            {"name": "subjects", "description": "受试者"},
+            {"name": "visits", "description": "访视"},
+            {"name": "aes", "description": "不良事件"},
+            {"name": "issues", "description": "风险 / 问题"},
+            {"name": "data-queries", "description": "数据问题单"},
+            {"name": "verifications", "description": "SDV/SDR 核查进度"},
+            {"name": "imp-products", "description": "药品产品"},
+            {"name": "imp-batches", "description": "药品批次"},
+            {"name": "imp-inventory", "description": "药品库存"},
+            {"name": "imp-transactions", "description": "药品台账流水"},
+            {"name": "finance", "description": "费用管理"},
+            {"name": "faq-categories", "description": "FAQ 分类"},
+            {"name": "faqs", "description": "FAQ 条目"},
+            {"name": "health", "description": "健康检查"},
+            {"name": "faq", "description": "常量字典"},
+        ],
     )
 
     app.add_middleware(
@@ -38,8 +68,14 @@ def create_app() -> FastAPI:
         allow_methods=["*"],
         allow_headers=["*"],
     )
+    register_exception_handlers(app)
 
-    @app.get("/health", tags=["health"])
+    @app.get(
+        "/health",
+        tags=["health"],
+        summary="健康检查",
+        description="返回服务存活状态。",
+    )
     async def health() -> dict[str, str]:
         return {"status": "ok"}